Answer:
See explanation and images attached
Explanation:
a) In the mechanism for the acid catalysed esterification of propanoic acid using ethanol, we can see that the first step is the protonation of the acid followed by nucleophillic attack of the alcohol. Loss of water and consequent deprotonation regenerates the acid catalyst. We can see the fate of the 18O labelled ethanol in the mechanism shown.
b) In the second mechanism, an unnamed ester is hydrolysed using an acid catalyst. The attack of the acid and subsequent nucleophillic attack of water labelled with 18O leads to the incorporation of this 18O into the product acid as shown in the mechanism attached to this answer.
Answer: Molarity of the solution is 
and water is the solvent.
Explanation:
Given: Mass of solute = 26.8 g
Volume = 4.00 L
Now, moles of copper (II) chloride (molar mass = 134.45 g/mol) are calculated as follows.
Molarity is the number of moles of a substance divided by volume of solution in liter.
Therefore, molarity of given solution is calculated as follows.
Solvent is defined as a component which is present in higher amount in a solution. Generally, a solvent is present in liquid state but it can also be a solid or gas.
In the given solution, copper (II) chloride is dissolved in water so copper (II) chloride is the solute and water is the solvent.
Thus, we can conclude that molarity of the solution is and water is the solvent.
Answer:
b melting
Explanation:
The phase change the substance is undergoing is from solid to liquid and this is called melting.
- To understand this process, we need to know the the substance changing.
- A substance that contains particles that are not easily compressed and packed is a solid.
- Solids have fixed shapes and volumes.
- Liquids can easily flow although they cannot also be easily compressed.
The phase change from solid to liquid is facilitated by a melting process.
Answer:
main sequence
Explanation:
The main sequence is a band of stars which includes most of them like our sun
The specific heat capacity of unknown substance is 1.333 g/j/°c
<u><em> calculation</em></u>
Specific heat capacity is calculated using Q= MCΔT formula
where;
Q(heat)= 800 j
M(mass) = 30 g
C(specific heat capacity) =?
ΔT( change in temperature) = 40°c - 20°c = 20°c
make C the subject of the formula by diving both side of the formula by MΔT
C is therefore = Q/MΔT
800j / 30 g x 20°c = 1.333 j/g/°c
