Answer:
I would say fossil evidence because fossil and rock clues are what led to Wegener's theory of Continental Drift
Answer:
you can't see sickle cell in a karyotype a it is inside one of the chromosomes
it is a single gene disorder
Explanation:
The idea behind an available niche after extinction leading to speciation is: the fact that those species can grow distinct and then in other to survive develop new traits.
<h3>Meaning of speciation</h3>
Speciation can be defined as a process that births new species with different traits while they evolve.
Speciation occurs when extinction is eminent and most time in other to preserve that race they evolve into something new with new traits.
In conclusion, The idea behind an available niche after extinction leading to speciation is: the fact that those species can grow distinct and then in other to survive develop new traits.
Learn more about Speciation: brainly.com/question/2113835
#SPJ1
Throwing a ball is an example of kinetic energy. I do not have any proof or any reasons, but for now I just know that it's kinetic energy. You can also look it up and you'll see the answer automatically. Hope this helps :) If you want any proof, please feel free to ask me thru contact :)
Answer:
A proton gradient is generated by the transport of protons into the thylakoid lumen.
Protons move from the thylakoid lumen to the stroma through ATP synthase, producing ATP.
Explanation:
During photosynthesis, the environment is made acidic inside the lumen i.e. H⁺ are pumped into thylakoid lumen from stroma as a result of which more H⁺ are present in the thylakoid lumen as compared to stroma. It happens during light dependent reaction of photosynthesis. The concentration of H⁺ is already higher in lumen and transfer of more and more H⁺ from stroma increases the concentration of H⁺ even more leading to generation of a potential gradient. These H⁺ subsequently tend to move freely from lumen to stroma via "reverse pumps known as ATP synthase". The reason why these are known as reverse pumps is because pumps usually move particles from lower to higher concentration which is an active movement i.e. not natural so such movement requires energy. Naturally particles move from higher to lower concentration gradient until the concentration becomes equal on both the sides but pumps act opposite of this natural process and move particles from lower to higher concentration and utilize energy to do it. But here H⁺ are moving from higher to lower concentration which occurs naturally so ATP synthase rather than using energy tend to generate energy and this free energy is used to generate ATP from ADP & Pi (inorganic phosphate).
