Answer: Option (a) is the correct answer.
Explanation:
A decomposition reaction is defined as a reaction where a compound dissociates into two or more atoms.
For example, 
Whereas a chemical reaction in which two reactants combine together to result in the formation of a compound is known as a synthesis reaction.
For example,
is a synthesis reaction.
Thus, we can conclude that the statement chemical reaction A, because the reactant is a compound identifies the decomposition reaction and describes a substance is involved.
Answer: 25.8 g of
will be produced from the decomposition of 73.4 g of
Explanation:
To calculate the moles :

The balanced chemical reaction is:
According to stoichiometry :
2 moles of
produce = 3 moles of 
Thus 0.242 moles of will produce=
of 
Mass of
= 
Thus 25.8 g of
will be produced from the decomposition of 73.4 g of
It is make the molecule polar.
That would be an amino acid. The

and -COOH is the functional group for a carboxylic acid hence AMINO ACID.