The periodic table is organized into columns (up and down) which share similar properties..periodicity.
If you look at the periodic table, you'll see that bromine and iodine appear in the same periodic column...they share similar chemical properties. Therefore, the answer is D.
Answer:
The virus will transfer the DNA encoding cholera toxin to the next bacteria it infects, which will make that bacteria cholera-causing.
Explanation:
The process described in this question is a kind of gene transfer in bacteria called TRANSDUCTION. Transduction is the transfer of fragments of DNA from one bacterium to another via a virus called bacteriophage.
As stated in this question, the virus (bacteriophage) infects a cholera-causing bacterium. The bacteriophage moves from lysogenic cycle to lytic cycle and includes some pieces of the bacterial DNA, which encodes information for making the cholera toxin, in its own genome.
This means that the cholera-making toxin DNA is now a part of the virus's genome and hence, will transfer it to the next bacteria it infects in a process called TRANSDUCTION. This will make that bacteria a cholera causing bacteria.
An endoskeleton made up of hard plates beneath the skin is a characteristic of the echinodermata phylum. Organisms under the phylum echinodermata have tight interlocking plates that form their endoskeleton. Sea urchins, starfishes and sea cucumbers are examples of echinoderms.
Similarities:
Both involve ion movement. Both use ion channels to move ions across the cell membrane, in or out of the cell.
Differences:
Passive Transport (or Diffusion) moves ions from high concentration to low, using no metabolic energy. Active Transport moves ions from low concentration to high, using metabolic energy in the form of ATP. Active Transport uses an ion pump (or Sodium/Potassium pump) to move 3 sodium ions out of the cell and 2 potassium ions in to the cell through the energy of 1 ATP molecule.
In active transport particles move against a concentration gradient and therefore require energy which must be supplied by the cell. Carrier proteins that are found in the cell membrane of cells use energy to transport molecules or ions across the membrane, against the concentration gradient.
Passive transport is a naturally-occurring phenomenon and does not require the cell to exert any of its energy to accomplish the movement. In passive transport, substances move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.
The atmosphere and hydrosphere involve creation of water-related weather activity, such as rainfall, snowstorms, hurricanes and monsoons.<span> The atmosphere contains five layers, which perform separate functions. The atmosphere performs many important duties, including producing winds and temperature that influences seasonal temperatures, and interacts with all systems on Earth, including the lithosphere and biosphere. hope this helps</span>
