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3 years ago

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The volume of 2.0 kg of helium in a piston-cylinder device is initially 7 m3. Now the helium is compressed to 5 m3 while its pre

ssure is maintained constant at 160 kPa. Determine: (a) The initial and final temperatures of helium. (b) The work required to compress it, in kJ.

1 answer:

IrinaVladis [17]3 years ago

6 0

Answer:

A) T1 = 269.63 K

T2 = 192.59 K

B) W = -320 KJ

Explanation:

We are given;

Initial volume: V1 = 7 m³

Final Volume; V2 = 5 m³

Constant Pressure; P = 160 KPa

Mass; m = 2 kg

To find the initial and final temperatures, we will use the ideal gas formula;

T = PV/mR

Where R is gas constant of helium = R = 2.0769 kPa.m/kg

Thus;

Initial temperature; T1 = (160 × 7)/(2 × 2.0769) = 269.63 K

Final temperature; T2 = (160 × 5)/(2 × 2.0769) = 192.59 K

B) world one is given by the formula;

W = P(V2 - V1)

W = 160(5 - 7)

W = -320 KJ

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A small meteorite with mass of 1 g strikes the outer wall of a communication satellite with a speed of 2Okm/s (relative to the s

strojnjashka [21]

Answer:

The energy coverted to heat is 200 kilojoules.

Explanation:

GIven the absence of external forces exerted both on the small meteorite and on the communication satellite, the Principle of Linear Momentum is considered and let suppose that collision is completely inelastic and that satellite is initially at rest. Hence, the expression for the satellite-meteorite system:

$m_{M}\cdot v_{M} + m_{S}\cdot v_{S} = (m_{M}+m_{S})\cdot v$

Where:

$m_{M}$ , $m_{S}$ - Masses of the small meteorite and the communication satellite, measured in kilograms.

$v_{M}$ , $v_{S}$ - Speeds of the small meteorite and the communication satellite, measured in meters per second.

$v$ - Final speed of the satellite-meteorite system, measured in meters per second.

The final speed of the satellite-meteorite system is cleared:

$v = \frac{m_{M}\cdot v_{M}+m_{S}\cdot v_{S}}{m_{M}+m_{S}}$

If $m_{M} = 1\times 10^{-3}\,kg$ , $m_{S} = 200\,kg$ , $v_{M} = 20000\,\frac{m}{s}$ and $v_{S} = 0\,\frac{m}{s}$ , the final speed is now calculated:

$v = \frac{(1\times 10^{-3}\,kg)\cdot \left(20000\,\frac{m}{s} \right)+(200\,kg)\cdot \left(0\,\frac{m}{s} \right)}{1\times 10^{-3}\,kg+200\,kg}$

$v = 0.1\,\frac{m}{s}$

Which means that the new system remains stationary and all mechanical energy from meteorite is dissipated in the form of heat. According to the Principle of Energy Conservation and the Work-Energy Theorem, the change in the kinetic energy is equal to the dissipated energy in the form of heat:

$K_{S} + K_{M} - K - Q_{disp} = 0$

$Q_{disp} = K_{S}+K_{M}-K$

Where:

$K_{S}$ , $K_{M}$ - Initial translational kinetic energies of the communication satellite and small meteorite, measured in joules.

$K$ - Kinetic energy of the satellite-meteorite system, measured in joules.

$Q_{disp}$ - Dissipated heat, measured in joules.

The previous expression is expanded by using the definition for the translational kinetic energy:

$Q_{disp} = \frac{1}{2}\cdot [m_{M}\cdot v_{M}^{2}+m_{S}\cdot v_{S}^{2}-(m_{M}+m_{S})\cdot v^{2}]$

Given that $m_{M} = 1\times 10^{-3}\,kg$ , $m_{S} = 200\,kg$ , $v_{M} = 20000\,\frac{m}{s}$ , $v_{S} = 0\,\frac{m}{s}$ and $v = 0.1\,\frac{m}{s}$ , the dissipated heat is:

$Q_{disp} = \frac{1}{2}\cdot \left[(1\times 10^{-3}\,kg)\cdot \left(20000\,\frac{m}{s} \right)^{2}+(200\,kg)\cdot \left(0\,\frac{m}{s} \right)^{2}-(200.001\,kg)\cdot \left(0.001\,\frac{m}{s} \right)^{2}\right]$ $Q_{disp} = 200000\,J$

$Q_{disp} = 200\,kJ$

The energy coverted to heat is 200 kilojoules.

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3 years ago

At the equator earth rotates with a velocity of about 465 m/s.

Dafna1 [17]

The given velocity is 465 m/s.

Part a.
$465 \, \frac{m}{s} =(465 \times 10^{-3} \, \frac{km}{s})*( 3600 \, \frac{s}{h} ) = 1674 \, \frac{km}{h}$
Answer: 1674 km/h

Part b.
$1674 \frac{km}{h} = (1674 \, \frac{km}{h})*(24 \, \frac{h}{day} ) = 40176 \, \frac{km}{day}$
Answer: 40,176 km/day.

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3 years ago

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Shrinking Loop. A circular loop of flexible iron wire has an initial circumference of 168 cm , but its circumference is decreasi

DedPeter [7]

Answer:

103.1 V

Explanation:

We are given that

Initial circumference=C=168 cm

$\frac{dC}{dt}=-15cm/s$

Magnetic field,B=0.9 T

We have to find the magnitude of the emf induced in the loop after exactly time 8 s has passed since the circumference of the loop started to decrease.

Magnetic flux= $\phi=BA=B(\pi r^2)$

Circumference,C= $2\pi r$

$r=\frac{C}{2\pi}$

$r=\frac{168}{2\pi}$ cm

$\frac{dr}{dt}=\frac{1}{2\pi}\frac{dC}{dt}=\frac{1}{2\pi}(-15)=-\frac{15}{2\pi} cm/s$

$\int dr=-\int \frac{15}{2\pi}dt$

$r=-\frac{15}{2\pi}t+C$

When t=0

$r=\frac{168}{2\pi}$

$\frac{168}{2\pi}=C$

$r=-\frac{15}{2\pi}t+\frac{168}{2\pi}$

E= $-\frac{d\phi}{dt}=-\frac{d(B\pi r^2)}{dt}=-2\pi rB\frac{dr}{dt}$

$E=-2\pi(-\frac{5}{2\pi}t+\frac{168}{2\pi})B\times -\frac{15}{2\pi}$

t=8 s

B=0.9

$E=2\pi\times \frac{15}{2\pi}\times 0.9(-\frac{15}{2\pi}(8)+\frac{168}{2\pi})$

$E=103.1 V$

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3 years ago

Which could be an example of a balanced force?

Rus_ich [418]

Answer:

An asteroid moving at a constant speed through space.

Explanation:

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kvv77 [185]

She uses 0 power because she simply has no gas left. She used all of it getting a 50 pc McDonald’s nugget with a side of ranch and a medium fry and a large water.

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