In this question there are all the required information's. Using those information's the answer to the question can be easily found. It is given that the teacher travels for 500 meters within a time of 500 seconds. Now we have to find the average velocity at which the teacher covered the distance.
We already know that
Average Velocity = Distance traveled/ Time taken
Now we can put all the given information's in this equation and get the required answer.
Average Velocity = 500/500 meter/second
= 1 m/s
So the teacher travels at an average velocity of 1m/s.
The percent of the increase is

I is the increasing value
N is the new value
O is the original value
The price of the cooler is $28.50, then
O = 28.50
The selling price of the cooler is $40.76, then
N = 40.76
We will substitute them in the rule above to find I

Let us calculate it
I = 43.0175 %
Round it to the nearest percent
I = 43%
The answer is D
We must find UNIQUE combinations because choosing a,b,c,d... is the same as d,c,b,a...etc. For this type of problem you use the "n choose k" formula...
n!/(k!(n-k)!), n=total number of choices available, k=number of choices made..
In this case:
20!/(10!(20-10)!)
20!/(10!*10!)
184756
The answer is A because it has or in the sentence