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Phoenix [80]
4 years ago
14

What is the magnitude of the maximum stress that exists at the tip of an internal crack having a radius of curvature of 5 × 10-4

mm (1.969 × 10-5 in.) and a crack length of 4.5 × 10-2 mm (1.772 × 10-3 in.) when a tensile stress of 190 MPa (27560 psi) is applied?
Engineering
1 answer:
White raven [17]4 years ago
7 0

Answer:

The question is a problem that requires the principles of fracture mechanics.

and we will need this equation below to get the Max. Stress that exist at the tip of an internal crack.

Explanation:

Max Stress, σ = 2σ₀√(α/ρ)

where,

σ₀  = Tensile stress = 190MPa = 1.9x10⁸Pa

α  = Length of the cracked surface = (4.5x10⁻²mm)/2 = 2.25x10⁻⁵m

ρ  = Radius of curvature of the cracked surface = 5x10⁻⁴mm = 5x10⁻⁷m

Max Stress, σ = 2 x  1.9x10⁸ x (2.25x10⁻⁵/5x10⁻⁷)⁰°⁵

Max Stress, σ = 2 x  1.9x10⁸ x 6.708 Pa

Max Stress, σ = 2549MPa

Hence, the magnitude of the maximum stress that exists at the tip of an internal crack = 2549MPa

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What information on a piping arrangement drawing gives the vertical placement of an item?
Yakvenalex [24]

Answer:

c) Elevations

Explanation:

Elevations in pipe systems design provide the views necessary in presenting a pipe isometrics indicating the pipe length, wideness of a line and the height of a pipe.The drafts person obtains the true north coordinates in the desired points where the pipeline is to pass and determines the required vertical grade where all vertical measurements will be referred.

4 0
4 years ago
Your manager has asked you to research and recommend a writing guide that examiners in your digital forensics company can use fo
vivado [14]

Answer:

Kindly Check the explanation

Explanation:

Report

A Report is a way to present the forensic examination result in front of judge. A report contains warrants, all affidavits issued for arrest, expenses occur during forensic test and lists of evidence. Apart from evidence a report also contains expert opinions.  

Guidelines  

These are the set of rules and written statement which are used to present the important information in a structured and clear format. The main motive behind to define the guidelines is to achieve standardization in the reports. It also improves the readability of the report.  

Guidelines for report  

Abstract:  

Each report must contain an abstract of the report which gives the brief review about the report. It came at the starting of the report. The main motive behind to give abstract is to give brief about report to someone in a very less time. The size of abstract must not be more than one page.  

Index:  

Each report must contain an index which display's which content is available at which page of report. The content of index must be appropriate and clear so that the reader will not get confuse.

Format of report:

The formatting of report is also one of the essential parts of the guidelines. It makes the report attractive and also due to this reader not gets bored while reading the report. The guidelines regarding layout of report are as follow:  

1. Use time roman font and 12 font size as a default font to explain anything in the report.  

2. The explanation must be justified

3. As possible divide the long paragraph. if possible explain in points.

4. The page must have border on all sides

5. Each pages must have numbering and footer

Rules for grammar:

1. The language of the report must be simple and clear. So that everyone can understand it easily.

2. Avoid repeating same sentence or word again and again.

3. Use active instead of passive voice, in order to give importance to doer.

4. Write expressions between commas.

5. Avoid spelling mistakes in report which also make wrong impact.

6. As possible give heading or subheading to material or explanation which must be accurate.

7. Explain, new or difficult words used in the report.

8. What ever written in the report must be through the point and accurate on bases of fact.

Body of report:

The body of the report referred to as a content written inside the report. In order to write an impressive report, it must include all these things:

1. Avoid use of hypothetical question, if still hypothetical question arises it must be bases on factual evidence.  

2. Add all the affidavits and warrants in the report issued for search and arrest.

3. The cost money expenses while solving the case.

4. The expert opinion which must be bases on knowledge or previously declare case results.

5. The list of people and evidence which are collected and interrogative during the investigation.

6. If investigation is further going on than write the area in which the investigation further goes on and also mention when the investigation get complete.  

Forensic software used:  

A short must be given about the software used in the investigation. The result generated by the software must also be pasted in that report. It is more good if attach the snap shot of the result. Add any previous case result in which the same software result is taken as evidence, in order to justify that the result generated by the software is true. Some of forensic softwares are FTK, ProDiscover, Hexworkshop. The result of these softwares must be heighted so that everyone can notice it.  

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The conclusion must be given at the end of report to tell according him what result came after investigation. In conclusion also write on which basis the result concludes. There must be strong behind the conclusion.  

References:  

In Reference write all the cases, thesis, books which an investigator followed to solve the current case. In addition if they referred any internet article. They can also write the website name where  that article lies. In short can say that write everything where they got an idea which is helpful in solving the case.

 

8 0
3 years ago
An aggregate blend is composed of 65% coarse aggregate by weight (Sp. Cr. 2.635), 36% fine aggregate (Sp. Gr. 2.710), and 5% fil
den301095 [7]

Answer:

Explanation:

From the given information:

Addition of all the materials = 65+ 36+ 5 +6 = 112  which is higher than 100 percentage; SO we need to find;

The actual percentage of each material which can be determined as follows:

Percentage of the coarse aggregate will be = 65 × 112/100

= 72.80%

Percentage of the Fine aggregate will be = 36 × 112/100

= 40.32%

Percentage of the filler  will be = 5 × 112/100

= 5.6%

Percentage of the   asphalt binder will be = 6 × 112/100

= 6.72 %

So; the theoretical specific gravity (Gt) of the mixture can be calculated as follows:

Gt = 100/( 72.80/2.635 + 40.32/2.710 + 5.6/2.748 + 6.72/1.088)

Gt = 100/( 27.628 + 14.878 + 2.039 + 6.177)

Gt = 100/ (50.722)

Gt =1.972

Also;Given that the bulk density = 143.9 lb/ft³

LIke-wsie ; as we know that unit weight of water is =62.43lb/cu.ft

Hence, the bulk specific gravity of the mix (Gm) = 143.9/62.43

=2.305

The percentage of air  void  = (Gt -Gm )× 100/ Gt

= (1.972 - 2.305) ×  100/ 1.972

= -16.89%

The percentage of the asphalt binder is =(6.72/1.088*100)/(72.80+40.32+5.6+6.72)/2.305)

= 617.647/54.42

= 11.35%

Thus; the percentage voids in mineral aggregate =  -16.89% + 11.35%

the percentage voids in mineral aggregate = -5.45%

The percent voids filled with asphalt. = 100 × 11.35/-5.45

The percent voids filled with asphalt = - 208.26 %

7 0
3 years ago
Your friend offers to pay you $3,000 five years from now. You'd prefer the money now so you can put it in a bank account at 8% i
zepelin [54]

Answer:

  $958.25

Explanation:

  PV = FV(1 +r)^(-t) . . . . present value of an amount earning rate r compounded annually for t years

  PV = $3000(1.08^-5) ≈ $2041.75

The equivalent present value is $2041.75.

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This amount is less than the offered amount by ...

  $3000 -2041.75 = $958.25

She should pay you $958.25 less in order to make the offers equivalent.

4 0
3 years ago
Use the case structure in order to do the following tasks. a) Use a five layer case structure in order to do following for a two
Igoryamba

Answer:

The complete answer along with step by step explanation and output results is provided below.

Explanation:

Task a)

#include<iostream>

using namespace std;

int main()

{

  int op;

  double num1, num2;

   cout<<"Enter num1 and num2"<<endl;

   cin>>num1>>num2;  

  // To provide the option of required 5 cases  

  cout << "Select the operation:"

          "\n1 = Addition"

          "\n2 = Subtraction"

          "\n3 = Multiplication"

          "\n4 = Division"

          "\n5 = Negation\n";

  cin >> op;  // user input the desired operation

  switch(op)  // switch to the corresponding case according to user input

   {

       case 1:

           cout <<"The Addition of num1="<<num1<<" and num2="<<num2<<" is: "<<num1+num2;

           break;

       case 2:

           cout <<"The Subtraction of num1="<<num1<<" and num2="<<num2<<" is: "<<num1-num2;

           break;

       case 3:

           cout <<"The Multiplication of num1="<<num1<<" and num2="<<num2<<" is: "<<num1*num2;

           break;

       case 4:        

        while(num2 == 0) // to check if divisor is zero  

        {

           cout << "\nWrong divisor! Please select the correct divisor again: ";

           cin >> num2; // if divisor is zero then ask user to input num2 again

        }

           cout <<"The division of num1="<<num1<<" and num2="<<num2<<" is: "<<num1/num2;

           break;

       case 5:

           cout <<"The Negation of num1="<<num1<<" and num2="<<num2<<" is: "<<-1*num1<<" "<<-1*num2;

           break;

       default:

           // If the operation is other than listed above then error will be shown

           cout << "Error! The selected operatorion is not correct";

           break;

   }

  return 0;

}

Output:

Test 1:

Enter num1 and num2

2

9

Select the operation:

1 = Addition

2 = Subtraction

3 = Multiplication

4 = Division

5 = Negation

1

The Addition of num1=2 and num2=9 is: 11

Hence the output is correct and working as it was required

Test 2:

Enter num1 and num2

8

0

Select the operation:

1 = Addition

2 = Subtraction

3 = Multiplication

4 = Division

5 = Negation

4

Wrong divisor! Please select the correct divisor again: 2

The Division of num1=8 and num2=2 is: 4

Hence the output is correct and working as it was required

Test 3:

Enter num1 and num2

-2

4

Select the operation:

1 = Addition

2 = Subtraction

3 = Multiplication

4 = Division

5 = Negation

5

The Negation of num1=-2 and num2=4 is: 2 -4

Hence the output is correct and working as it was required

Task b)

#include<iostream>

#include<cmath>   // required to calculate square root

using namespace std;

int main()

{

  int op;

  double num;

   cout<<"Enter a real number > 0"<<endl;

   cin>>num;

  cout << "Press 1 for square root:";

  cin >> op;

  switch(op)  // switch to the corresponding case according to user input

   {

       case 1:

          if (num <= 0) // to check if number is less or equal to zero

        {

           cout << "\nError! number is not valid";

           break;   // if number is not valid then terminate program

        }

           cout <<"The square root of num="<<num<<" is: "<<sqrt(num);

// if number is valid then square root will be calculated

           break;

       default:

           // If the operation is other than listed above then error will be shown

           cout << "Error! The selected operation is not correct";

           break;

   }

  return 0;

}

Output:

Test 1:

Enter a real number > 0

6

Press 1 for square root: 1

The square root of num=6 is: 2.44949

Hence the output is correct and working as it was required

Test 2:

Enter a real number > 0

-4

Press 1 for square root: 1

Error! number is not valid

Hence the output is correct and working as it was required

8 0
3 years ago
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