Answer:
Ion channels in the plasma membrane of the receiving neuron open
Explanation:
Ionotropic receptors are protein structures of the neuronal plasma membrane that function as specific ion channels for certain ions. Depending on the type of ion involved is the nature of the effect that occurs when these channel receptors open. Being ionic channels, these types of receptors participate in the rapid, exciting or inhibitory responses that neurons give.
For now we will refer only to ionotropic excitatory receptors which, by allowing the passage of ions such as sodium or calcium, produce a decrease in membrane potential (hypopolarization). This increases the probability of generating action potentials in the neuron.
To these, like other types of receptors, specific neurotransmitters are attached, which causes their activation and opening.
In addition to presenting an ionic channel in their structure, these receptors have a site where a specific neurotransmitter (binding site to the neurotransmitter) binds. But there are also sites of binding to other molecules, which without causing their opening modify, however, the effect of the neurotransmitter. That is, the receptors can be modulated by other molecules.
A typical example of an ionotropic receptor is the cholinergic receptor (its specific neurotransmitter is acetylcholine, ACh) of the nicotinic subtype found in the skeletal neuromuscular synapse. Part A of the scheme. When ACh binds to the receptor, the channel opens causing sodium ion (Na +) to enter, causing hypopolarization (or depolarization) at that point. The name of this type of receptors derives from the fact that they can be identified with nicotine, a substance that specifically binds to them.
Answer: y(t)= 1/π^2 sin(6*π^2*t)
Explanation: In order to solve this problem we have to consider the general expression for a harmonic movement given by:
y(t)= A*sin (ω*t +φo) where ω is the angular frequency. A is the amplitude.
The data are: ν= 3π; y(t=0)=0 and y'(0)=6.
Firstly we know that 2πν=ω then ω=6*π^2
Then, we have y(0)=0=A*sin (6*π^2*0+φo)= A sin (φo)=0 then φo=0
Besides y'(t)=6*π^2*A*cos (6*π^2*t)
y'(0)=6=6*π^2*A*cos (6*π^2*0)
6=6*π^2*A then A= 1/π^2
Finally the equation is:
y(t)= 1/π^2 sin(6*π^2*t)
Answer: Decreases
Explanation:
By definition, absolute zero temperature defines the temperature at which the atoms of a material no longer transmit thermal energy.
Engineering materials can transmit thermal energy at higher temperatures by random molecular motion.
It follows that as the temperature decreases toward absolute zero, random molecular motion decreases.
Answer:
a) The work done by a nonconservative force depends on the path taken. True.
c) A potential energy function can be specified for a conservative force. True
d) A conservative force permits a two-way conversion between kinetic and potential energies. True
Explanation:
Non-conservative forces dissipate. For example, friction or air resistance or drag.
A conservative force's property is that the work done in moving a particle does not depend on the path it has taken. For example, stored energy or potential energy. It permits two-way conversion between kinetic energy and potential energy. For example if a car goes up a hill, it converted kinetic energy in to potential energy. and if the car goes down the hill without hitting the gas pedal, it will roll down converting the potential energy in to kinetic energy.
b) A nonconservative force permits a two-way conversion between kinetic and potential energies. False
e) A potential energy function can be specified for a nonconservative force. False
f) The work done by a conservative force depends on the path taken. False
