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sweet [91]
3 years ago
5

A rocket is continuously firing its engines as it accelerates away from Earth. For the first kilometer of its ascent, the mass o

f fuel ejected is small compared to the mass of the rocket. For this distance, which of the following indicates the changes, if any, in the kinetic energy of the rocket, the gravitational potential energy of the Earth-rocket system, and the mechanical energy of the Earth-rocket system? System Gravitational System Potential Energy Rocket Kinetic Energy Mechanical Energy
(A) Increasing IncreasingIncreasing
(B) Increasing Increasing Constant IncreasingDecreasing Decreasing Decreasing Increasing Constant
Physics
1 answer:
melisa1 [442]3 years ago
3 0

Answer:

A) Increasing,  Increasing,  Increasing

Explanation:

The greater the rate of fuel ejection higher will be the kinetic energy of the rocket. As rocket is fire upward its fuel rejection rate increases and hence it's kinetic energy increases.

Gravitational potential energy,

as the rocket moves further it's r from the Earth increases. Hence the Gravitational potential energy increases as its height from the Earth increases.

Therefore,  mechanical energy of the rocket must also increase as it is sum of kinetic and potential energy.

Hence Option A is correct.

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A bag containing 0ºC ice is much more effective in absorbing energy than one containing the same amount of 0ºC water.
rosijanka [135]

Answer:

No temperature change occurs from heat transfer if ice melts and becomes liquid water (i.e., during a phase change). For example, consider water dripping from icicles melting on a roof warmed by the Sun. Conversely, water freezes in an ice tray cooled by lower-temperature surroundings.

Explanation:

Energy is required to melt a solid because the cohesive bonds between the molecules in the solid must be broken apart such that, in the liquid, the molecules can move around at comparable kinetic energies; thus, there is no rise in temperature. Similarly, energy is needed to vaporize a liquid, because molecules in a liquid interact with each other via attractive forces. There is no temperature change until a phase change is complete. The temperature of a cup of soda initially at 0ºC stays at 0ºC until all the ice has melted. Conversely, energy is released during freezing and condensation, usually in the form of thermal energy. Work is done by cohesive forces when molecules are brought together. The corresponding energy must be given off (dissipated) to allow them to stay together Figure 2.

The energy involved in a phase change depends on two major factors: the number and strength of bonds or force pairs. The number of bonds is proportional to the number of molecules and thus to the mass of the sample. The strength of forces depends on the type of molecules. The heat Q required to change the phase of a sample of mass m is given by

Q = mLf (melting/freezing,

Q = mLv (vaporization/condensation),

where the latent heat of fusion, Lf, and latent heat of vaporization, Lv, are material constants that are determined experimentally.

6 0
2 years ago
A shell of mass m and speed v explodes into two identical fragments. If the shell was moving horizontally (the positive x direct
-Dominant- [34]

Answer:

The velocity of the other fragment immediately following the explosion is v .

Explanation:

Given :

Mass of original shell , m .

Velocity of shell , + v .

Now , the particle explodes into two half parts , i.e  \dfrac{m}{2} .

Since , no eternal force is applied in the particle .

Therefore , its momentum will be conserved .

So , Final momentum = Initial momentum

mv=\dfrac{mv}{2}+\dfrac{mu}{2}\\\\u=v

The velocity of the other fragment immediately following the explosion is v .

4 0
3 years ago
Which of the following materials is attracted to a magnet?
Butoxors [25]

Answer:

A. aluminum

Explanation:

because it's metal

4 0
2 years ago
Read 2 more answers
lanet R47A is a spherical planet where the gravitational acceleration on the surface is 3.45 m/s2. A satellite orbitsPlanet R47A
qaws [65]

2.6×10^6\:\text{m}

Explanation:

The acceleration due to gravity g is defined as

g = G\dfrac{M}{R^2}

and solving for R, we find that

R = \sqrt{\dfrac{GM}{g}}\:\:\:\:\:\:\:(1)

We need the mass M of the planet first and we can do that by noting that the centripetal acceleration F_c experienced by the satellite is equal to the gravitational force F_G or

F_c = F_G \Rightarrow m\dfrac{v^2}{r} = G\dfrac{mM}{r^2}\:\:\:\:\:(2)

The orbital velocity <em>v</em> is the velocity of the satellite around the planet defined as

v = \dfrac{2\pi r}{T}

where <em>r</em><em> </em>is the radius of the satellite's orbit in meters and <em>T</em> is the period or the time it takes for the satellite to circle the planet in seconds. We can then rewrite Eqn(2) as

\dfrac{4\pi^2 r}{T^2} = G\dfrac{M}{r^2}

Solving for <em>M</em>, we get

M = \dfrac{4\pi^2 r^3}{GT^2}

Putting this expression back into Eqn(1), we get

R = \sqrt{\dfrac{G}{g}\left(\dfrac{4\pi^2 r^3}{GT^2}\right)}

\:\:\:\:=\dfrac{2\pi}{T}\sqrt{\dfrac{r^3}{g}}

\:\:\:\:=\dfrac{2\pi}{(1.44×10^4\:\text{s})}\sqrt{\dfrac{(5×10^6\:\text{m})^3}{(3.45\:\text{m/s}^2)}}

\:\:\:\:= 2.6×10^6\:\text{m}

5 0
3 years ago
A 90 kg astronaut Travis is stranded in space at a point 12 m from his spaceship. In order to get back to his ship, Travis throw
insens350 [35]

Answer:

Explanation:

This is a recoil problem, which is just another application of the Law of Momentum Conservation. The equation for us is:

[m_av_a+m_ev_e]_b=[m_av_a+m_ev_e]_a which, in words, is

The momentum of the astronaut plus the momentum of the piece of equipment before the equipment is thrown has to be equal to the momentum of all that same stuff after the equipment is thrown. Filling in:

[(90.0)(0)+(.50)(0)]_b=[(90.0)(v)+(.50)(-4.0)]_a

Obviously, on the left side of the equation, nothing is moving so the whole left side equals 0. Doing the math on the right and paying specific attention to the sig fig's here (notice, I added a 0 after the 4 in the velocity value so our sig fig's are 2 instead of just 1. 1 is useless in most applications).

0 = 90.0v - 2.0 and

2.0 = 90.0v so

v = .022 m/s This is the rate at which he is moving TOWARDS the ship (negative was moving away from the ship, as indicated by the - in the problem). Now we can use the d = rt equation to find out how long this process will take him if he wants to reach his ship before he dies.

12 = .022t and

t = 550 seconds, which is the same thing as 9.2 minutes

7 0
3 years ago
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