Four laws or principles are involved in the study of stratigraphy are:
1. Principle of original horizontality
2. Law of superposition
3. Law of crosscutting relationships
4. Principle of Lateral Continuity
Answer:
When there are 5 molecules of fructose on each side of the membrane.
Explanation:
The solution will reach equilibrium fro fructose when there are 5 molecules of fructose on each side of the membrane.
A membranous system is said to be at equilibrium when there are equal concentration of a particular molecule on both sides of the membrane.
<em>Hence, for a membranous system with 10 molecules of fructose on one side, an equilibrium can only be reached for fructose when there are 5 molecules on one side and the remaining 5 molecules on the other side. </em>
Answer:
The light-independent reactions of photosynthesis take place within the stroma. It contains enzymes that work with ATP and NADPH to “fix” carbon from carbon dioxide into molecules that can be used to build glucose. The chloroplast’s own genetic material (separate from that of the cell) is also stored in the stroma.
The interior of the chloroplast contains another membrane—the thylakoid membrane—which is folded to form numerous connected stacks of discs. Each disc is a thylakoid and each stack is a granum (pl. grana).
The light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis take place within the thylakoids. These reactions occur when the pigment chlorophyll, located within the thylakoid membranes, captures energy from the sun (photons) to initiate the breakdown of water molecules.