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3 years ago

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Design a PI controller to improve the steady-state error. The system should operate with a damping ratio of 0.8. Compute the ove

rall value of gain for the PI system and state the transfer function for the controller in the form G_c(s) = K_PI(s + a)/s.

1 answer:

blondinia [14]3 years ago

5 0

Answer:

The MATLAB Code for this PI Controller will be:

Kp = 350;

Ki = 300;

Kd = 50;

C = pid(Kp,Ki,Kd)

T = feedback(C*P,1);

t = 0:0.01:2;

step(T,t)

Explanation:

When you are designing a PID controller for a given system, follow the steps shown below to obtain a desired response.

Obtain an open-loop response and determine what needs to be improved

Add a proportional control to improve the rise time

Add a derivative control to reduce the overshoot

Add an integral control to reduce the steady-state error

Adjust each of the gains $K_p$, $K_i$, and $K_d$ until you obtain a desired overall response.

The further explanation is attached in the Word File.

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A heat engine operates between 2 reservoirs at TH and 18oC. The heat engine receives 17,000 kJ/h from the high temperature reser

lisabon 2012 [21]

Answer:

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Explanation:

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3 years ago

Find the time-domain sinusoid for the following phasors:_________

sattari [20]

<u>Answer</u>:

a. r(t) = 6.40 cos (ωt + 38.66°) units

b. r(t) = 6.40 cos (ωt - 38.66°) units

c. r(t) = 6.40 cos (ωt - 38.66°) units

d. r(t) = 6.40 cos (ωt + 38.66°) units

<u>Explanation</u>:

To find the time-domain sinusoid for a phasor, given as a + bj, we follow the following steps:

(i) Convert the phasor to polar form. The polar form is written as;

r∠Ф

Where;

r = magnitude of the phasor = $\sqrt{a^2 + b^2}$

Ф = direction = tan⁻¹ ( $\frac{b}{a}$ )

(ii) Use the magnitude (r) and direction (Φ) from the polar form to get the general form of the time-domain sinusoid (r(t)) as follows:

r(t) = r cos (ωt + Φ)

Where;

ω = angular frequency of the sinusoid

Φ = phase angle of the sinusoid

(a) 5 + j4

<em>(i) convert to polar form</em>

r = $\sqrt{5^2 + 4^2}$

r = $\sqrt{25 + 16}$

r = $\sqrt{41}$

r = 6.40

Φ = tan⁻¹ ( $\frac{4}{5}$ )

Φ = tan⁻¹ (0.8)

Φ = 38.66°

5 + j4 = 6.40∠38.66°

(ii) <em>Use the magnitude (r) and direction (Φ) from the polar form to get the general form of the time-domain sinusoid</em>

r(t) = 6.40 cos (ωt + 38.66°)

(b) 5 - j4

<em>(i) convert to polar form</em>

r = $\sqrt{5^2 + (-4)^2}$

r = $\sqrt{25 + 16}$

r = $\sqrt{41}$

r = 6.40

Φ = tan⁻¹ ( $\frac{-4}{5}$ )

Φ = tan⁻¹ (-0.8)

Φ = -38.66°

5 - j4 = 6.40∠-38.66°

(ii) <em>Use the magnitude (r) and direction (Φ) from the polar form to get the general form of the time-domain sinusoid</em>

r(t) = 6.40 cos (ωt - 38.66°)

(c) -5 + j4

<em>(i) convert to polar form</em>

r = $\sqrt{(-5)^2 + 4^2}$

r = $\sqrt{25 + 16}$

r = $\sqrt{41}$

r = 6.40

Φ = tan⁻¹ ( $\frac{4}{-5}$ )

Φ = tan⁻¹ (-0.8)

Φ = -38.66°

-5 + j4 = 6.40∠-38.66°

(ii) <em>Use the magnitude (r) and direction (Φ) from the polar form to get the general form of the time-domain sinusoid</em>

r(t) = 6.40 cos (ωt - 38.66°)

(d) -5 - j4

<em>(i) convert to polar form</em>

r = $\sqrt{(-5)^2 + (-4)^2}$

r = $\sqrt{25 + 16}$

r = $\sqrt{41}$

r = 6.40

Φ = tan⁻¹ ( $\frac{-4}{-5}$ )

Φ = tan⁻¹ (0.8)

Φ = 38.66°

-5 - j4 = 6.40∠38.66°

(ii) <em>Use the magnitude (r) and direction (Φ) from the polar form to get the general form of the time-domain sinusoid</em>

r(t) = 6.40 cos (ωt + 38.66°)

3 0

3 years ago

Give me source code of Simple openGL project. ( without 3D or Animation) simple just.

Ivan

Answer:

Use GitHub or stackoverflow for this answer

Explanation:

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3 years ago

Steam enters a two-stage adiabatic turbine at 8 MPa and 5008C. It expands in the first stage to a state of 2 MPa and 3508C. Stea

Nataly [62]

Answer:

1) The exergy of destruction is approximately 456.93 kW

2) The reversible power output is approximately 5456.93 kW

Explanation:

1) The given parameters are;

P₁ = 8 MPa

T₁ = 500°C

From which we have;

s₁ = 6.727 kJ/(kg·K)

h₁ = 3399 kJ/kg

P₂ = 2 MPa

T₂ = 350°C

From which we have;

s₂ = 6.958 kJ/(kg·K)

h₂ = 3138 kJ/kg

P₃ = 2 MPa

T₃ = 500°C

From which we have;

s₃ = 7.434 kJ/(kg·K)

h₃ = 3468 kJ/kg

P₄ = 30 KPa

T₄ = 69.09 C (saturation temperature)

From which we have;

h₄ = $h_{f4}$ + x₄× $h_{fg}$ = 289.229 + 0.97*2335.32 = 2554.49 kJ/kg

s₄ = $s_{f4}$ + x₄× $s_{fg}$ = 0.94394 + 0.97*6.8235 ≈ 7.563 kJ/(kg·K)

The exergy of destruction, $\dot X_{dest}$ , is given as follows;

$\dot X_{dest}$ = T₀ × $\dot S_{gen}$ = T₀ × $\dot m$ × (s₄ + s₂ - s₁ - s₃)

$\dot X_{dest}$ = T₀ × $\dot W$ ×(s₄ + s₂ - s₁ - s₃)/(h₁ + h₃ - h₂ - h₄)

∴ $\dot X_{dest}$ = 298.15 × 5000 × (7.563 + 6.958 - 6.727 - 7.434)/(3399 + 3468 - 3138 - 2554.49) ≈ 456.93 kW

The exergy of destruction ≈ 456.93 kW

2) The reversible power output, $\dot W_{rev}$ = $\dot W_{}$ + $\dot X_{dest}$ ≈ 5000 + 456.93 kW = 5456.93 kW

The reversible power output ≈ 5456.93 kW.

6 0

3 years ago