Answer:
b) to deliver nutrients and other essential materials to cells
Explanation:
- Light energy is absorbed and transferred to the reaction center.
- A water molecule is split.
- Electrons are transferred from photosystem II to photosystem I.
- ATP is synthesized from ADP and inorganic phosphate.
Output: ATP, NADPH, O2
Further Explanation:
Photosynthesis is a chemical pathway that’s integral to producing energy in plants and other primary producers. Energy in the form of molecules of glucose is produced from light, water and carbon dioxide while oxygen is released. This occurs in several complex steps, photosynthesis is a rate limited reaction, depends on several factors including carbon dioxide concentration, ambient temperature and light intensity; the energy is retrieved from photons, I.e. particles of light, and water is used as a reducing agent. This occurs in the thykaloids, where pigment molecules like chlorophyll reside.
The chloroplast is a membrane bound organelle found in plants. It contains several invaginations of a plasma membrane called the thylakoid membrane. This contains chlorophyll pigments, in stacks called granum, while the internal spaces of the organelle are called the lumen. Liquid surrounds the granum, forming the stroma.
During the light reaction:
- Light is absorbed by pigments in phosystem II (PSII). This energy is transferred among pigments til it gets to the reaction center, and is transferred to P680; this promotes an electron to a higher energy level where it then goes to an acceptor molecule.
- Water supplies the chlorophyll in plant cell with replacement electrons for the ones removed from photosystem II. Additionally, water (H2O) split by light during photolysis into H+ and OH- acts as a source of oxygen along with functioning as a reducing agent.
- the electron moves down an electron transport chain (to PS I)where it experiences continuous energy loss. This energy fuels the pumping of H+ from the stroma to thykaloid, leading to the formation of a gradient. The H+ move along their gradient and cross through ATP synthase, into the the stroma.
- ATP synthase converts ADP and Pi to the energy storage molecule ATP.
- The electron gets to photosystem I where it goes to pigments at P700. It absorbs light energy, the electron is promoted to a higher energy level, and passed to an electron acceptor. This leaves a space for another electron which is then replaced by one from photosystem II.
- in the ETC, the molecule NADP is reduced to NADPH by providing H+ ions. NADP and NADPH are integral to the Calvin cycle where monosaccharides or sugars like glucose are produced after the modification of several molecules.
Learn more about Photosynthesis at brainly.com/question/4216541
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Learn more about Photosynthesis at brainly.com/question/4216541
Learn more about cellular life at brainly.com/question/11259903
#LearnWithBrainly
Answer:
Tapeworms are a parasite of humans
Explanation:
Tapeworm infection is caused by ingesting food or water contaminated with tapeworm eggs or larvae. If you ingest certain tapeworm eggs, they can migrate outside your intestines and form larval cysts in body tissues and organs (invasive infection).
Osmosis is the net movement of water from a region of higher water potential to a region of lower water potential through a partially permeable membrane
Answer:
The correct answer will be option-C
Explanation:
The eukaryotic translation takes place in three steps that are initiation, elongation and termination.
During the initiation process, the amino-acyl tRNA carrying the methionine amino acid binds the small ribosomal subunit. This pre-initiation complex of small subunit and tRNA now gets attached to 5ʹ UTR and starts scanning mRNA to find start codon -AUG.
The pre-initiation complex when finds the start codon attaches the large subunit of ribosome and form initiation complex. The formation of the initiation complex begins the process of translation.
Thus, Option-C is the correct answer.
