Resonance, leaving group, carbonyl carbon delta+, and steric effect is the most crucial variables that affect the relative reactivity of a functional group containing a carbonyl in an addition or substitution process.
Discussion:
1. Carbonyl Carbon Delta+: The carbonyl group becomes more electrophilic and accelerates nucleophilic assault when the carbonyl carbon delta+ is bigger.
2. Resonance: When the carbonyl is transformed into the tetrahedral adduct, it may be lost. Loss of resonance increases the energy of the transition state for this nucleophilic assault because resonance has the function of stabilizing. Therefore, a carbonyl functional group's resistance to nucleophilic attack increases as resonance in the group increases in importance.
3. Leaving group: Tetrahedral adduct fragmentation is encouraged by a better LG.
4. Steric effects: The nucleophilic attack on carbonyl carbon is delayed when sterically impeded.
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Answer:
Research shows that patients with schizophrenia are more affected by stress physically as well as emotionally, for instance they show different changes in heart rate under stress and a greater overall risk of cardiovascular disease.
Explanation:
Answer:
Gaseous
Explanation:
Gasses can move freely and do not form the shape of their containers
Liquids are more free than solids, but they conform to the shape of their container
Solids are not free
Answer:
False
Explanation:
because they do not prevent damage they make damage
Answer:There are 18 electrons and 17 protons, so the chlorine atom has become a charged chlorine ion with a charge of negative one (-1). ... When it does, the sodium atom becomes a sodium ion with a charge of positive one (+1). Chlorine, as mentioned above, desperately wants an electron so it can fill its outer electron level.