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ELEN [110]
3 years ago
13

Que diferencia hay entre drogas estimuladoras depresoras y perturbadoras del sistema nervioso

Chemistry
1 answer:
12345 [234]3 years ago
3 0

Answer:

Las drogas estimulantes son un grupo de medicamentos que tienen un efecto estimulante mental y físico en humanos y animales, estimulando y dando energía al paciente.  Ejemplos de psicoestimulantes son cafeína, efedrina, anfetaminas y metilfenidato.  Estos se usan en pequeñas dosis para, entre otras cosas, mejorar la atención del paciente y la capacidad de planificación, permitiendo un mayor y mejor rendimiento de la persona durante sus actividades diarias.

A su vez, un depresor es una sustancia que paraliza las funciones del sistema nervioso central, siendo las pastillas para dormir y los sedantes los depresores mas comunes. La acción de los sedantes se basa en su capacidad para activar los mediadores del sistema nervioso central, especialmente el ácido gamma-aminobutírico, causando en el paciente una sensación que puede ir desde la tranquilidad y relajación hasta un estado de somnolencia o incluso la propia inducción al sueño.

Por último, las drogas perturbadoras del sistema nervioso incluyen LSD, cannabis o la cocaína. Algunos efectos típicos son cambios en la visión y el oído, alucinaciones, confusión de sentidos, fuertes experiencias de belleza, disolución del yo y un sentido de unidad, experiencias religiosas y confrontaciones con el subconsciente. Este tipo de drogas son en su gran mayoría ilegales, y no forman parte de tratamientos médicos autorizados.

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The equilibrium constant for the reaction AgBr(s) Picture Ag+(aq) + Br− (aq) is the solubility product constant, Ksp = 7.7 × 10−
barxatty [35]

Answer:

The reaction will be  non spontaneous at these concentrations.

Explanation:

AgBr(s)\rightarrow Ag^+(aq) + Br^- (aq)

Expression for an equilibrium constant K_c:

K_c=\frac{[Ag^+][Br^-]}{[AgCl]}=\frac{[Ag^+][Br^-]}{1}=[Ag^+][Br^-]

Solubility product of the reaction:

K_{sp}=[Ag^+][Br^-]=K_c=7.7\times 10^{-13}

Reaction between Gibb's free energy and equilibrium constant if given as:

\Delta G^o=-2.303\times R\times T\times \log K_c

\Delta G^o=-2.303\times R\times T\times \log K_{sp}

\Delta G^o=-2.303\times 8.314 J/K mol\times 298 K\times \log[7.7\times 10^{-13}]

\Delta G^o=69,117.84 J/mol=69.117 kJ/mol

Gibb's free energy when concentration [Ag^+] = 1.0\times 10^{-2} M and [Br^-] = 1.0\times 10^{-3} M

Reaction quotient of an equilibrium = Q

Q=[Ag^+][Br^-]=1.0\times 10^{-2} M\times 1.0\times 10^{-3} M=1.0\times 10^{-5}

\Delta G=\Delta G^o+(2.303\times R\times T\times \log Q)

\Delta G=69.117 kJ/mol+(2.303\times 8.314 Joule/mol K\times 298 K\times \log[1.0\times 10^{-5}])

\Delta G=40.588 kJ/mol

  • For reaction to spontaneous reaction:  \Delta G.
  • For reaction to non spontaneous reaction:  \Delta G>0.

Since ,the value of Gibbs free energy is greater than zero which means reaction will be non spontaneous at these concentrations

5 0
3 years ago
What are the names of the positive and negative electrodes of an electrolytic cell?
xz_007 [3.2K]

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the positive electrode is an anode, and the negative electrode is a cathode.

Explanation:

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Which of the four models represents a solid
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Answer:

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How would the freezing point of seawater compare with that of pure water?
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Pure water has a freezing point of 0 degrees centigrade but seawater has a lower freezing point because of the salt (NaCl) 
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3 years ago
If the starting volume of a hot air balloon is 55,500 m3and the initial temperature is 21 °C, what is the temperature inside the
Dmitry_Shevchenko [17]

Answer:

T₂ = 392 K

Explanation:

Given that,

Initial volume of the hot air balloon, V₁ = 55500 m³

Initial temperature, T₁ = 21°C = 294 K

Final volume, V₂ = 74000 m³

We need to find the final temperature inside the balloon. The relation between the temperature and volume is given by charles law i.e.

\dfrac{V_1}{T_1}=\dfrac{V_2}{T_2}

Where

T₂ is the final temperature

So,

\dfrac{V_1}{T_1}=\dfrac{V_2}{T_2}\\\\T_2=\dfrac{T_1V_2}{V_1}\\\\T_2=\dfrac{294\times 74000 }{55500 }\\\\T_2=392\ K

So, the new temperature is 392 K.

8 0
2 years ago
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