Answer:
When a programmer tries to access an item in an array cell whose index is greater than or equal to the array's logical size, this data element or item is garbage. This means that currently, the item is not the part of the program's useful data. Garbage contains objects or data which will not be used by a program running on it. So the value returned could be either of the two:
- Value would be an arbitrary or random number if it is an array of numbers. Arbitrary means that the value is not predefined or specified in advance.
- Value returned would be null if it is an array of objects.
Answer:
- import math
-
- def standard_deviation(aList):
- sum = 0
- for x in aList:
- sum += x
-
- mean = sum / float(len(aList))
-
- sumDe = 0
-
- for x in aList:
- sumDe += (x - mean) * (x - mean)
-
- variance = sumDe / float(len(aList))
- SD = math.sqrt(variance)
-
- return SD
-
- print(standard_deviation([3,6, 7, 9, 12, 17]))
Explanation:
The solution code is written in Python 3.
Firstly, we need to import math module (Line 1).
Next, create a function standard_deviation that takes one input parameter, which is a list (Line 3). In the function, calculate the mean for the value in the input list (Line 4-8). Next, use the mean to calculate the variance (Line 10-15). Next, use sqrt method from math module to get the square root of variance and this will result in standard deviation (Line 16). At last, return the standard deviation (Line 18).
We can test the function using a sample list (Line 20) and we shall get 4.509249752822894
If we pass an empty list, a ZeroDivisionError exception will be raised.
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