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3 years ago

As atomic size increases, how do electronegativity and ionization energy change?

1 answer:

3 0

Ionisation of energy is the amount of energy needed to remove an electron from outer most shell of an atom. as the attraction between the nucleus and outer most electron increases the ionisation energy increases. Electronegativity is the relative measure of the force of attraction between an atom and the electron it is sharing in bond with other atom. electronegativity decreases as it goes down the group.

In conclusion:

As an atom gain an electron the atomic radius of the atom increase and the ionisation energy also increases but the electronegativity decrease as the atoms in outer most shell move further apart from the nucleus.

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Identify the missing particle in the following nuclear equation.

Juli2301 [7.4K]

Answer:

Explanation:

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3 years ago

What is the value of the equilibrium constant for the reaction between Cr(s) and Cu^2+ (aq) at 25 degree C? Cr(s) + Cu^2+ (q)rig

Ludmilka [50]

Answer:

3 × 10¹⁰⁹

Explanation:

2Cr (s) → 2Cr³⁺ + 6e⁻

and,

Ec° for the above reaction = 0.74 V

also,

3Cu²⁺ (aq) + 6e⁻ → 3Cu(s)

and,

Ea° for the above reaction = 0.34 V

Now,

The cell potential, E° = 0.34 + 0.74 = 1.08

E° = $\frac{\textup{0.059}}{\textup{n}}\log k$

thus,

0.34 = $\frac{\textup{0.059}}{\textup{n}}\log k$

here, n is the number of electrons exchanged

n = 6

1.08 = $\frac{\textup{0.05921}}{\textup{6}}\log k$

㏒ k = 109.44

taking anti-log both sides

we get

k = 3 × 10¹⁰⁹

Hence, the answer is option (A) 3 × 10¹⁰⁹

3 0

3 years ago

How you rank the following items in order of complexity.

Natalija [7]

Answer:

lowest to Highest

Carbon atom

Methane molecule (CH4)

Graphite

Diamond

Explanation:

A carbon atom would be the lowest complexity on this list, that is because it is a lone molecule with no other bonding between other atoms. The same forces interacting between the carbon atom would be the same for the others.

Next would be methane. Methane is a hydrocarbon composed of a single carbon atom bonded covalently with four hydrogens. The electrons within the hydrogen atoms repel each other causing them to be dispersed around the carbon atom to form a tetrahedral shape. While more complex, the other two are continuous structures made from carbon atoms bonded to gather to form crystal structures.

Graphite is considered to be a crystal structure, just like a diamond. However, the biggest difference between them is their atomic and crystal frameworks. Diamonds have a rigid 3-dimensional structure whilst graphite is composed of 2d planes of graphite with carbon-carbon double bonds connecting the layers. Due to this, a diamond would be more complex then grpahite

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2 years ago

Which of these provides evidence that a chemical reaction occurs?

harkovskaia [24]

Answer:

Color change, Temprature change, Odor change, Effervescence (Bubbles)

Explanation:

7 0

3 years ago

Write the Lewis structure for the following<br> H20<br> So2

Tasya [4]

See the sketch attached.

<h3>Explanation</h3>

The Lewis structure of a molecule describes

the number of bonds it has,
the source of electrons in each bond, and
the position of any lone pairs of electrons.

Atoms are most stable when they have eight or no electrons in their valence shell (or two, in case of hydrogen.)

Each oxygen atom contains six valence electrons. It demands <em>two</em> extra electrons to be chemically stable.
Each sulfur atom contains six valence electrons. It demands <em>two </em> extra electrons to be chemically stable.
Each hydrogen atom demands <em>one</em> extra electron to be stable.

H₂O contains two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom. It would take an extra 2 + 2 × 1 = 4 electrons for all its three atoms are stable. Atoms in an H₂O would achieve that need by sharing electrons. It would form a total of 4 / 2 = 2 O-H bonds.

Each O-H bond contains one electron from oxygen and one from hydrogen. Hydrogen has no electron left. Oxygen has six electrons. Two of them have went to the two O-H bonds. The remaining four become 4 / 2 = 2 lone pairs. The lone pairs repel the O-H bonds. By convention, they are placed on top of the two H atoms.

Similarly, atoms in a SO₂ molecule demands an extra 2 × 2 + 2 = 6 electrons for its three atoms to become chemically stable. It would form 6 / 2 = 3 chemical bonds. Loops are unlikely in molecules without carbon. As a result, one of the two O atoms would form two bonds with the S atom while the other form only one.

Atoms are unstable with an odd number of valence electrons. The S atom in SO₂ would have become unstable if it contribute one electron to each of the three bond. It would end up with 3 × 2 + 3 = 9 valence electrons. One possible solution is that it contributes two electrons in one particular bond. One of the three bonds would be a coordinate covalent bond, with both electrons in that bond from the S atom. In some textbooks this type of bonds are also known as dative bonds.

Dots and crosses denotes the origin of electrons in a bond. Use the same symbol for electrons from the same atom. Electrons from the oxygen atoms O are shown in blue in the sketch. They don't have to be colored.

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3 years ago