Beta radiation / decay would likely occur when the ratio of protons to neutrons is below the band of stability.
A. electron. The nucleus has protons and neutrons, quark is the particle which forms protons and neutrons.
Answer:
Explanation:
Here, we want to describe the relationship between the volume and temperature of an ideal gas
This relationship is defined by Charles' law
From this law, we know that the volume of a given mass of gas is directly proportional to its temperature at a fixed pressure
What this means is that as long as the pressure remains unchanged, when the volume increases, the temperature increases, and when the volume decreases, the temperature decreases
These can be represented by the mathematical formula below:
An intensive property is a property that does not change depending on how much mass of it you are considered. An example of an intensive property is density. No matter how much water you examine, the density of the sample will be 1g/cm³.
Electrons and protons because they are essentially always the same