Answer:
4. The correct pathway for the flow of electron during photosynthesis is mentioned in option D. 
> <em>NADP </em>> <em>Calvin cycle.</em>
- Electron is first provided to the photo-system II by the phtolysis of water.
- Then it is passed to photo-system I with the help of plastoquinone (PQ) and cytochrome
. - Finally, electron from the photo-system II is used to reduce NADP to NADPH.
- NADPH and ATP are used in light independent phase or Calvin cycle to synthesize carbohydrate from carbon dioxide.
5. The correct answer is B.) photosynthesis.
- Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants synthesize glucose or carbohydrate from carbon dioxide and water in presence of sunlight and chlorophyll.
- In light independent phase of photosynthesis, it requires ATP and NADPH in order to synthesize food.
- Lastly, oxidation or breaking down of glucose releases energy and photosynthesis is a anabolic process instead of catabolic one.
Answer:
C. Primers are short sequences that allow the initiation of DNA synthesis.
Answer:
The light-dependent reactions convert light energy into chemical energy, producing ATP and NADPH. 5. The light-dependent reactions can be summarized as follows: 12 H2O + 12 NADP+ + 18 ADP + 18 Pi + light and chlorophyll yields 6 O2 + 12 NADPH + 18 ATP.
Answer:
A: Oxygen levels are low and, therefore, more red blood cells are produced, giving the athletes an advantage when competing at lower altitudes.
Explanation:
<em>At high altitudes, the partial pressure of oxygen is lower compared to lower altitudes</em>. The body system try to adjust to lower oxygen level by undergoing several physiological changes. Depending on the duration spent in high altitude, the body can either try to adjust in the short term or acclimatize for a longer term.
One of the processes the body undergoes during acclimatization is an increase in red blood cell production. The kidney secretes erythropotein in response to inadequate oxygen in body tissues, and this makes the liver to increase erythrocyte production.
The increase in red blood cell production correspondingly increases the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood as a result of increased hemoglobin. This condition persists for a few weeks even after the body returns to lower altitude where oxygen is adequate. Increased oxygen capacity means the rate of energy production (through respiration) within the body will also increase
<em>Hence, those who acclimatize to high altitude usually experience increased capillary density, tissue perfusion and improved athletic performance at lower altitudes. </em>
The correct option is A.
