I believe it is called the Greenhouse effect.
Answer:
Force
Explanation:
The Force You Put Behind Said Apple Is Greater Than That Of Gravitational Pull
Example : The More Power You Put behind a basketball the higher the basketball will go
Answer:
3.8 secs
Explanation:
Parameters given:
Acceleration due to gravity, g = 9.8 
Initial velocity, u = 11.76 m/s
Final velocity, v = 49 m/s
Using one of Newton's equations of linear motion, we have that:

where t = time of flight of arrow
The sign is positive because the arrow is moving downward, in the same direction as gravitational force.
Therefore:

The arrow was in flight for 3.8 secs
No they do not they just need to be in each other's magnetic field