Answer:
![128~ATP](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=128~ATP)
Explanation:
The metabolic pathway by which energy can be obtained from a fatty acid is called <u>"beta-oxidation"</u>. In this route, acetyl-Coa is produced by removing <u>2 carbons</u> from the fatty acid for each acetyl-Coa produced. In other words, for each round, 1 acetyl Coa is produced and for each round 2 carbons are removed from the initial fatty acid. Therefore, the first step is to calculate the <u>number of rounds</u> that will take place for an <u>18-carbon fatty</u> acid using the following equation:
![Number~of~Rounds=\frac{n}{2}-1](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=Number~of~Rounds%3D%5Cfrac%7Bn%7D%7B2%7D-1)
Where "n" is the <u>number of carbons</u>, in this case "18", so:
![Number~of~Rounds=\frac{18}{2}-1~=~8](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=Number~of~Rounds%3D%5Cfrac%7B18%7D%7B2%7D-1~%3D~8)
We also have to calculate the amount of Acetyl-Coa produced:
![Number~of~Acetyl-Coa=\frac{18}{2}~=~9](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=Number~of~Acetyl-Coa%3D%5Cfrac%7B18%7D%7B2%7D~%3D~9)
Now, we have to keep in mind that in each round in the beta-oxidation we will have the <u>production of 1
and 1
</u>. So, if we have 8 rounds we will have 8
and 8
.
Finally, for the total calculation of ATP. We have to remember the <u>yield for each compound</u>:
-)
-) ![1~NADH~=~3~ATP](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=1~NADH~%3D~3~ATP)
-) ![Acetyl~CoA~=~10~ATP](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=Acetyl~CoA~%3D~10~ATP)
Now we can do the total calculation:
![(8*2)~+~(8*3)~+~(9*10)=130~ATP](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%288%2A2%29~%2B~%288%2A3%29~%2B~%289%2A10%29%3D130~ATP)
We have to <u>subtract</u> "2 ATP" molecules that correspond to the <u>activation</u> of the fatty acid, so:
![130-2=128~ATP](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=130-2%3D128~ATP)
In total, we will have 128 ATP.
I hope it helps!
X
![H_{3}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%20H_%7B3%7D%20)
H has a positive 1 charge. This means that having 3H = +3<span>. This is a neutral compound so x= -3 because X+3H= 0
Y</span>
![X_{2}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%20X_%7B2%7D%20)
is also neutral so 2X+Y= 0
we know X=-3 So, 2(-3)+Y=0
-6+y=0
Y=+6 charge
Answer: The valency of X is -3.
The valency of Y is 6
and
.
Assuming complete decomposition of both samples,
First compound:
;
of the first compound would contain
Oxygen and mercury atoms seemingly exist in the first compound at a
ratio; thus the empirical formula for this compound would be
where the subscript "1" is omitted.
Similarly, for the second compound
;
of the first compound would contain
and therefore the empirical formula
.
(a)- Time
(b)- Heat produced(i guess)
(c)- Material
this is what I think, hope it helps