Explanation:
Noble gas configuration is defined as the configuration which contains completely filled orbitals.
For example, oxygen atom when gain two electrons then it forms oxygen ion (
).
Atomic number of oxygen atom is 8 and so, its number of electrons will also be 8. But when it gain two electrons then it has total 10 electrons. Hence, electronic configuration of is as follows.
Since, there are completely filled orbitals in an ions. Therefore, it means this ion has a noble-gas configuration.
Thus, we can conclude that any specie which shows completely filled orbitals will have noble-gas configuration.
C2H2O4 C2HO4- + H+
0.175 - x x x + y
C2HO4- c2o42– + H+
x - y y x + y
K2 = (y) (x +y) / (x-y)
As, y << x
So, K2 = (y) (x) / (x)
K2 = y =6.1 × 10^–5
Hence, concentration of (c2o42–) 6.1 × 10^–5 M
The standard enthalpy of formation (Δ
) is a measure of the energy released or consumed when one mole of a substance is created under standard conditions from its pure elements.
Standard enthalpies (Δ) of formation for given reaction is 978.3 kJ
<h3>
What is Standard enthalpies of formation?</h3>
The standard enthalpy of formation is defined as the enthalpy change when one mole of a substance in the standard state (1 atm of pressure and 298.15 K) is formed from its pure elements under the same conditions.
Given reaction ;
To Find : Δ
Δ = ∑np Δ (products) – ∑np Δ (reactants)
Δ = [1(Δ 
) + 4(Δ 
)] – [1(Δ 
) + 4(Δ 
)]
Δ = [1(0) + 4(-241.8)] – [1(+9.16) + 4(0)]
Δ = [4(-241.8)] – [1(+9.16)] = 978.3 kJ
Learn more about Enthalpy here ;
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(1) O2 Is a Nonelectrolyte: because it does not ionize when dissolved in a solution
(2) Xe Is a Nonelectrolyte: because it does not ionize when dissolved in a solution
(3) C3H8 Is a Nonelectrolyte: because it does not ionize when dissolved in a solution
(4) KNO3 Is an electrolyte: because it ionizes when dissolved in a solution
Electrolytes:
Electrolytes are the substance whose aqueous solution conducts electricity. These are mainly two types:
1. Strong electrolytes
2. Weak electrolytes:
Strong electrolytes:
Strong electrolytes have following properties:
1. They are ionic compounds.
2. They are completely separates into their ions when dissolved in water.
3. In solution form they conduct electricity due to present of ions but in solid form means neutral molecule does not conduct electricity.
Weak electrolytes:
Weak electrolytes are partially ionizes in water.
In general strong electrolytes are strong acid and strong base while weak electrolytes are weak acid and weak bases.
Nonelectrolyte:
The substance which does not ionize when dissolved in a solution is called non-electrolyte. It is a poor conductor of electricity.
