Answer: Due to crossing over and independent assortment.
Explanation: Crossing over occurs in Prophase I. It's when the homologous chromosmes switch genes with each other. This ways, genes are recombined, unique chromosmes are made!
GM is a technology that involves inserting DNA into the genome of an organism. To produce a GM plant, new DNA is transferred into plant cells. Usually, the cells are then grown in tissue culture where they develop into plants. The seeds produced by these plants will inherit the new DNA
The value of 2pg in the given population is 0.432
<u>Explanation:</u>
Given:
C is normal
c is curly wings
So the homozygous dominant condition would be CC
Heterozygous condition would be Cc
Recessive condition would be cc
According to Hardy Weinberg principle,
p² + 2pq + q² = 1
and
p + q = 1
Here,
q² = cc = 100
q² = 100 / 1000
q = √0.1
q = 0.316
So,
p + q = 1
p + 0.316 = 1
p = 0.684
Thus, 2pq would be:

Therefore, the value of 2pg in the given population is 0.432
The criteria pollutants are carbon monoxide, lead, nitrogen dioxide, ozone, particulate matter, and sulfur dioxide.