The answer is D. The surface area of rocks decreases because of acid rain
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Quaternary or fourth order consumers are those who occupy the fourth position in the trophic level or food chain, that is, they are species or organisms that feed on tertiary consumers
Density can be useful in identifying substances. It is also a convenient property because it provides a link (or conversion factor) between the mass and the volume of a substance. Mass and volume are extensive (or extrinsic) properties of matter - they depend on amount.
There is no answer that is right except for C. Natural Selection.
Genetic Recombination doesn't change gene frequency;nor does migration. (Unless it's local)
Mutation could be the answer, but since mutations are too rare to really power Evolution, the only logical answer is Natural Selection.