To know the electrostatic force between two charges or between two ions, you can use the Coulomb's Law. The equation is F = k*q1*q1/r^2, where F is the electrostatic force, q1 and q2 are the charger for Na and Cl, and r is the distance between the centers of both atoms. In literature, the distance is 0.5 nm or 0.5 x 10^-9 meters. The charge for Na+ and Cl- is the same magnitude but different in sign. Since Na+ is a cation, its charge is +1.603x10^-19 C (the charge of an electron). For Cl- being an anion, its charge is -1.603x10^-19 C. The constant k is an empirical value equal to 9x10^9. Using the formula:
F = (9x10^9)(+1.603x10^-19)(-1.603x10^-19)/(0.5 x 10^-9)^2
F = -9.25 x 10^-10 Newtons
The negative denotes that the net force is more towards the Cl- ion.
It has 9 protons, 9 electrons and 10 neutrons.
Answer:
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Explanation:
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I think the correct answer would be minerals form. Crystallization is the process of forming crystals from solutions and is one way that minerals are formed in the nature. It is a solid-liquid type of separation. Hope this answers the question. Have a nice day.
E) mass defect
This is so because the mass defect is the difference between the particles of the nucleous weight and the nucleous itself. According to the equation E=mc^2, the mass defect is related the the binding theory. In order to calculate the mass defect of an atom you need to add up the masses of each proton and each of neutron that are present in the nucleus and then you substract the actual mass of the nucleus from the combined mass.
