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Nikitich [7]
3 years ago
12

Water is contained in a piston-cylinder assembly undergoes four processes separately, all started from an initial state where th

e pressure is p1, the temperature is T1, and the specific volume is v1:
Process 1→2: Constant temperature (isothermal) to p2 = 2p1; Process 1→3: Constant specific volume to p3 = 2p1;

Process 1→4: Constant pressure (isobaric) to v4 = 2v1; Process 1→5: Constant temperature (isothermal) to v5 = 2v1.

Draw a p-v diagram and a T-v diagram for the water including the saturated liquid line and the saturated vapor line (dome).

The initial state (state 1) is at the saturated vapor state, note down state 2, 3, 4 and state 5 on both diagrams, and draw all processes (Process 1→2, 1→3, 1→4 and 1→5)

Engineering
1 answer:
Andrews [41]3 years ago
3 0

Answer:

see pictures

Explanation:

In the pictures you can see the different processes.

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7 0
3 years ago
Which of the following is a possible consequence of poor measurement in construction as stated in the segment?
Kamila [148]

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Decreased risk of structure failure

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3 years ago
Calculate the osmotic pressure of seawater containing 3.5 wt % NaCl at 25 °C . If reverse osmosis is applied to treat seawater,
AlladinOne [14]

Answer:

Highest osmotic pressure that membrane may experience is

' =58.638 atm

Explanation:

Suppose sea-water taken is M= 1 kg

Density of water = 1000 kg/m3

Therefore Volume of water= Mass,M/Density of water

V= 1 kg/(1000 kg/m3)

V= 10-3 m3= 1 Litre

Since mass of Nacl is 3.5 wt%,Therefore in 1 kg of water

Mass present of NaCl= m= 0.035*1000 g

m= 35 g

Since molecular weight of NaCl= 58.44 g/mol =M.W.

Thus its Number of moles of Nacl= m/M.W

nNaCl= 35g/58.44 gmol-1

= 0.5989 mol

ans since volume of solution is 1 L thus concentration of NaCl is ,C= number of moles/Volume of solution in Litres

C= 0.5989mol/ 1L

=0.5989 M

Since 1 mol NaCL disssociates to form 2 moles of ions of Na+ andCl- Thus van't hoff factor i=2

And osmotic pressure  = iCRT ------------------------------(1)( Where R= 0.0821 L.atm/mol.K and T= 25oC= 298.15 K)

Putting in equation 1 ,we get  = 2*(0.5989 mol/L)*(0.0821 L.atm/mol.K)*298.15 K

=29.319 atm

Now as the water gets filtered out of the membrane,the water's volume decreases and concentration C of NacL increases, thus osmotic pressure also increases.Thus, at 50% water been already filtered out, the osmotic pressure at the membrane will be maximum

Thus Volume of water left after 50% is filtered out as fresh water= 0.5 L (assuming no salt passes through semi permeable membrane)

Thus New concentration of NaCl C'= 2*C

C'=2*0.5989 M

=1.1978 M

and Since Osmotic pressure is directly proportional to concentration, Thus As concentration C doubles to C', Osmotic Pressure  ' also doubles from  ,

Thus,Highest osmotic pressure that membrane may experience is,  '=2*  

=2*29.319 atm

' =58.638 atm

3 0
3 years ago
A circular bar will be subjected to an axial force (P) of 2000 lbf. The bar will be made of material that has a strength (S) of
schepotkina [342]

Answer:

n = 2.36

Explanation:

The stress experimented by the circular bar is:

\sigma = \left[\frac{2000\, lbf}{\frac{\pi}{4}\cdot (0.5\,in)^{2}}\right]\cdot \left(\frac{1\,kpsi}{1000\,psi} \right)

\sigma = 10.186\,kpsi

The safety factor is:

n = \frac{24\,kpsi}{10.186\,kpsi}

n = 2.36

5 0
3 years ago
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