Answer:
The change in entropy is found to be 0.85244 KJ/k
Explanation:
In order to solve this question, we first need to find the ration of temperature for both state 1 and state 2. For that, we can use Charles' law. Because the volume of the tank is constant.
P1/T1 = P2/T2
T2/T1 = P2/P1
T2/T1 = 180 KPa/120KPa
T2/T1 = 1.5
Now, the change in entropy is given as:
ΔS = m(s2 - s1)
where,
s2 = Cv ln(T2/T1)
s1 = R ln(V2/V1)
ΔS = change in entropy
m = mass of CO2 = 3.2 kg
Therefore,
ΔS = m[Cv ln(T2/T1) - R ln(V2/V1)]
Since, V1 = V2, therefore,
ΔS = mCv ln(T2/T1)
Cv at 300 k for carbondioxide is 0.657 KJ/Kg.K
Therefore,
ΔS = (3.2 kg)(0.657 KJ/kg.k) ln(1.5)
<u>ΔS = 0.85244 KJ/k</u>
Answer:
a) 
b) 
c) 
d) 
Explanation:
Non horizontal pipe diameter, d = 25 cm = 0.25 m
Radius, r = 0.25/2 = 0.125 m
Entry temperature, T₁ = 304 + 273 = 577 K
Exit temperature, T₂ = 284 + 273 = 557 K
Ambient temperature, 
Pipe length, L = 10 m
Area, A = 2πrL
A = 2π * 0.125 * 10
A = 7.855 m²
Mass flow rate,

Rate of heat transfer,

a) To calculate the convection coefficient relationship for heat transfer by convection:

Note that we cannot calculate the heat loss by the pipe to the environment without first calculating the surface temperature of the pipe.
c) The surface temperature of the pipe:
Smear coefficient of the pipe, 

b) Heat loss from the pipe to the environment:

d) The required fan control power is 25.125 W as calculated earlier above
Answer:
5.118 m^3/hr
Explanation:
Given data:
viscosity of cell broth = 5cP
cake resistance = 1*1011 cm/g
dry basis per volume of filtrate = 20 g/liter
Diameter = 8m , Length = 12m
vacuum pressure = 80 kpa
cake formation time = 20 s
cycle time = 60 s
<u>Determine the filtration rate in volumes/hr expected fir the rotary vacuum filter</u>
attached below is a detailed solution of the question
Hence The filtration rate in volumes/hr expected for the rotary vacuum filter
V' = (
) * 1706.0670
= 5118.201 liters ≈ 5.118 m^3/hr
Answer:
The energy yield for one gallon of ethanol is 2.473 %.
Explanation:
The net energy yield (
), expressed in percentage for one gallon of ethanol is the percentage of the ratio of the difference of the provided energy (
), measured in Btu, and the energy needed to produce the ethanol (
), measured in Btu, divided by the energy needed to produce the ethanol. That is:
(1)
If we know that
and
, then the net energy yield of 1 gallon of ethanol:


The energy yield for one gallon of ethanol is 2.473 %.