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I don't know what do u. mean
The melting of polar ice is one effect of the greenhouse effect, or also global warming.
The greenhouse effect, as defined by Merriam-Webster, is "the <span>warming of the surface and lower atmosphere of a planet (as Earth or Venus) that is caused by conversion of solar radiation into heat in a process involving selective transmission of short wave solar radiation by the atmosphere, its absorption by the planet's surface, and reradiation as infrared which is absorbed and partly reradiated back to the surface by atmospheric gases".
In short, "</span>the warming of the surface and lower atmosphere of a planet".
Refraction
the fact or phenomenon of light, radio waves, etc. being deflected in passing obliquely through the interface between one medium and another or through a medium of varying density.
