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ikadub [295]
3 years ago
10

How does a layered pattern make use of abstraction and encapsulation?

Computers and Technology
1 answer:
maxonik [38]3 years ago
7 0

Answer and Explanation:

The ways in which a layered pattern make use of encapsulation and abstraction are as follows:

  • This framework lays its focus mainly on the bundling of related functionalities inside an application into different layer that are vertically stacked over one another.
  • Functionality in between each layer is related by common function or role.
  • Communication in between the layers is clear and exact and is coupled loosely.
  • Providing a layered structure to the application indirectly supports its maintainability and flexibility.

Encapsulation:

Since, features like data type, properties, methods or implementation while designing are not exposed at the boundary of the layer thus No assumptions are required for these features.

Abstraction:

The layered framework abstracts the entire system's view and provides adequate details for better understanding of the roles of each layer individually and the relation that exist between these layers.

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which process consists of one application program following a logical access path (lap) and then a dbms following a physical acc
laiz [17]

A DBMS acts as a conduit between the database and the applications that will use it, enabling users to access, modify, and control how the data is arranged and optimized.

Data points that are connected to one another are stored and accessible in a relational database, which is a form of database. The relational model, an easy-to-understand method of representing data in tables, is the foundation of relational databases. Data items are requested from the database by application programs, which are created using a combination of the DBMS's data manipulation language and a traditional programming language. The DBMS locates and provides the data elements requested by the application programs.

Learn more about database here-

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1 year ago
what font size should generally be used for the slide title to ensure that it is set off from the content
polet [3.4K]
I would say that you should use 32 pt font
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3 years ago
Why are typewriter keys arranged the way they are?
loris [4]
They are arranged the way they are because of the QWERTY layout. It was used to slow down how people typed so they wouldn't get the typewriter jammed. Hope this helps. :)
4 0
3 years ago
(Python question)
Law Incorporation [45]

Hey!

---------------------------------------------------

Definition:

A "for loop" is something used for repeating things over a list of items. For instance, a list or a dictionary.

Code:

colors = ["red", "green", "blue"]

for x in colors:

 print(x)

---------------------------------------------------

Definition:

A "while loop" is is something used for carrying out a set of lines that are true.

Code:

n = 1

while i < 4:

 print(n)

 n += 1

---------------------------------------------------

Real-Life Example:

A real-life example would if I was a manager or boss for a company say that everyone was off a certain day. Like, if I said everyone was off for Christmas the 25th. If I had 1000 employees that would take a very long time to send an email to everyone. Instead of sending an email to everyone I can program code that uses "for loops" and "while loops" to create a message and send it to everyone.

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Hope This Helped! Good Luck!

3 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
Write a function called st_dev. St_dev should have one #parameter, a filename. The file will contain one integer on #each line.
kodGreya [7K]

Answer:

  1. import statistics
  2. def st_dev(file_name):
  3.    with open(file_name) as file:
  4.        data = file.readlines()
  5.        numList = []
  6.        for x in data:
  7.            numList.append(int(x))
  8.        
  9.        return statistics.pstdev(numList)
  10. print(st_dev("text1.txt"))

Explanation:

The solution code is written using Python.

To ease the calculation task, we can import Python statistics module to use the pstdev method to calculate the population standard deviation of a list of numbers (Line 1).

Next, create a st_dev function that take single argument file_name (Line 3). In the function, it will open the input file and read the data line by line (Line 4-5). Create a for loop to traverse through each line of the data which is an integer and append it to numList (Line 7-8). We can pass the numList to pstdev method (Line 10) and return the resulting standard deviation value as output.

We test the function by passing a file which hold a list of integer values in each line (Line 12).

8

9

12

11

21

15

16

10

7

13

And the output we shall get is 4.019950248448356

6 0
3 years ago
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