Answer:
The null hypothesis is
.
The alternative hypothesis is 
Step-by-step explanation:
Suppose that a recent article stated that the mean time spent in jail by a first-time convicted burglar is 2.5 years.
At the null hypothesis, we test if the mean is of 2.5 years, that is:

A study was then done to see if the mean time has increased in the new century.
At the alternative hypothesis, we test if the mean has increased, that is, if it is above 2.5 years. So

Answer:
There was an association between taking breaks and better performance, but it's not necessarily a causal relationship.
Step-by-step explanation:
Gotta graph this one
Zeros are $.586 and $3.414 and the profit is zero when these are the prices
Maximum profit when the dogs are 2 bucks