True. It tells of his First Advent, as far as i remember, at least.
Yes, with our consititution we can add amendments or retract them by adding on more amendments. This is seen with prohibition where we outlawed drinking, we later added an amendment that make drinking legal once again. Another example is in our consitituiton we limited African American worth to 3/5 and later this was abolished. The founding fathers knew that what was the norm in 1776 would not be the norm in 2019 so they allow changes to the document.
The answer is: pathos by encouraging her audience to feel emotions including pride.
When addressing the troops at tilbury, The queen address that she realized the people were scared because of the threat of invasion. She appeal to their emotion by highlight the might of British military and how they would be safe under her protection.