Covalent bond is a type of chemical bond which is formed as a result of sharing of electron pairs among the elements that are involved. The structure of the covalent bond is affected by the electronegativity of the elements involved. The molecules joined by covalent bond range in size from very small to very large polymers. There are different types of structures for covalent substances, these include: macromolecular substances, molecular substances and giant covalent structures. Strong bonds hold individual molecules together but there are negligible forces of attraction among them.
Answer:
y1 = 0.3162
y2 = 0.6838
Explanation:
ok let us begin,
first we would be defining the parameters;
at 25°C;
1-propanol P1° = 20.90 Torr
2-propanol P2° = 45.2 Torr
From Raoults law:
P(1-propanol) = P⁰ × X(1-propanol)
P(1-propanol) = 20.9 torr × 0.45 = 9.405
P(1-propanol) = 9.405 torr
Also P(2-propanol) = P⁰ × X(2-propanol)
P(2-propanol) = 45.2 torr × 0.45
P(2-propanol) = 20.34 torr
but the total pressure = sum of individual pressures
total pressure = 9.405 + 20.34
total pressure = 29.745 torr
given that y1 and y2 represent the mole fraction of each in the vapor phase
y1 = P1 / total pressure
y1 = 9.405/29.745
y1 = 0.3162
Since y1 + y2 = 1
y2 = 1 - y1
∴ y2 = 1 - 0.3162
y2 = 0.6838
cheers, i hope this helps.
The answer is Isotope. Isotopes; each of two or more forms of the same element that contain equal numbers of protons but different numbers of neutrons in their nuclei, and hence differ in relative atomic mass but not in chemical properties; in particular, a radioactive form of an element. For example, carbon-12, carbon-13 and carbon-14 are three isotopes of the element carbon with mass numbers 12,13 and 14 respectively.
False cause they give the truth in a disguise