Answer: Ultramares corporation v. Touche established Ultramares doctrine. Hochfelder v. Ernst & Ernst ruled that scienter is required before CPAs can be held liable.
Explanation:
All the options except the above are true. Ultramares corporation v. Touche did establish the Ultramares doctrine.
United States v. Natelli sentenced two CPAs to prison for a year, in addition to fines, for violating the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
Bily v. Arthur Young did not uphold the restatement doctrine. The restatement doctrine restatement doctrine makes an auditor liable to people who rely on the quality of his work be they his clients or third parties. Two high courts ruled that auditors are not liable to third parties who use their work but only to the party that contracted their work.
However, Hochfelder v. Ernst & Ernst ruled that an allegation of scienter (an intention to deceive) is not required before CPAs can be held liable as long as the actions constitute actual deception.
While rule 10b-5 of the Exchange Act states the presence of scienter as a requirement to commit an offense, the court ruled against the statute by eliminating the Scienter clause from criminal statute and ruled against Ernst & Ernst.
Sistine chapel ceiling, the last judgement, and pietá
The wealth of East African city-states was based on Trade.
Answer:
C. It was a compromise between big and small states so that states with a larger population cannot control presidential elections
Explanation:
Durign its earlier creation, small states believed that there is no point for them to be uniting under one federal government. This perception was created because they typically have lower population compared to the bigger states.
Meaning that if smaller states and bigger states conduct a vote to elect a government that rule all of them, smaller states will always lose if the result is determined by simple majority.
As a compromise, electoral college was created. Rather than basing the total number of votes based on the number of population, The election in the electoral college is based on the amount of people that each state has within the The Senate and House of Representatives.
This provide an opportunity for smaller states to over the big states during the general election.
I think the best way to overcome imagined risks is to just
go with it. At best, you should focus on the benefits of what you are about to
do. Thinking of the risks would only
make you hesitate. If it is worth it,
then go for it.
