Answer:
<u>Mitosis:</u>
A single division occurs, separating sister chromatids
End result is two diploid cells that are genetically identical to each other and the parent cell
<u>Meiosis: </u>
The first division separates homologous pairs; the second division separates sister chromatids
Homologous chromosomes pair up and form chiasmata
Homologous pairs of chromosomes line up on the metaphase plate
Daughter cells contain recombinant chromosomes
End result is four haploid cells that are genetically different from each other and the parent cell
<u>Mitosis and Meiosis: </u>
Chromosomes duplicate during interphase
Process starts with a diploid cell
Duplicated chromosomes line up Individually on the metaphase plate in a diploid cell
Explanation:
Mitosis is the division of vegetative cells while meiosis involves the division of sex cells. <u>Both divisions start with diploid parental cells</u> but while the daughter cells in mitosis are also diploid, those of meiosis are haploid. This is why mitosis is referred to as equational division while meiosis is known as reductional division.
A cell that will undergo mitosis or meiosis would first have <u>its genetic materials duplicated during interphase</u> in addition to the synthesis of other important biochemicals such as proteins. Mitosis involves just a single division of the sister chromatids with <u>two genetically identical daughter cells who are also clones of the parent cells resulting</u>.
Meiosis, on the other hand, involves two divisions - the <u>first one happens to separate homologous chromosome pairs while the second division separates sister chromatids just like in mitosis</u>. During the early stage of meiosis, homologous chromosomes synapsed through the formation of a synaptonemal complex to form tetrads. Thereafter, synapsed chromosomes <u>exchange chromosomal segments at a point known as chiasmata.</u> All these happen at the prophase stage of meiosis I. The paired homologous chromosomes are then lined up at metaphase where they are engaged by the spindle fibers.
Meiosis II and mitosis are more or less the same with the chromosomes condensing at the prophase and the formation of metaphase plates at the metaphase. Sister chromatids are pulled apart and they migrate to the opposite poles at the anaphase and telophase.
