One technical issue I had was on Windows 8.1, with the charm menu not working. The troubleshooting steps to fix it was I did CTRL+SHIFT+ESC to open task manager. I then found Windows Explorer and clicked "Reload." Then everything was fine.
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Answer:
The exec command by interpreter to start new process
Explanation:
On Unix systems, a call to the fork system must be made followed by a call to the e x e c system to begin a new process. The fork call clones the process that is currently running, while the executive call overlays a new process based on a different executable over the calling process.
It is seperate from Kernal because
It Read user commands or a script and execute them, generally turning them into one or more system calls. Is usual It is not part of the kernel since the command interpreter is subject to change.
I don’t know if this supports all, but try lenntech, duckters, and I will add on later