The elements that form anions will have the electronic configuration similar to the noble gas that is in their period and those that form cations will have a configuration similar to that of the noble gas in the previous period.
He: Be
Ne: F, Al
Ar: Ca, P
Kr: Rb, Se
A. Air expands, becomes less dense and rises when the temperature is high due to the increased kinetic energy. This causes the air molecules to move around much more so they are further apart.
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Solar Energy is the answer