4) a) Natural selection will work negatively against rabbits that only eat berries as the drought is preventing berries from growing. It wont have any negative impact on rabbits that only eat grass as the grass is still surviving.
b) The statement ‘population has variations’ is backed up by the fact that the rabbits eat different things. They aren’t all the same. The statement ‘some variations are favorable’ is backed up by the fact that the rabbits that only eat grass are able to survive the drought. Their variation in eating grass instead of berries let’s them live. The statement ‘a population will change over time’ is backed up by the fact that the rabbits that only eat berries will die out. This will not only change the size of the population but going forward will create a population that has more rabbits that eat only grass on account of natural selection.
Taking into account the definition of calorimetry, 0.0185 moles of water are required.
<h3>Calorimetry</h3>
Calorimetry is the measurement and calculation of the amounts of heat exchanged by a body or a system.
Sensible heat is defined as the amount of heat that a body absorbs or releases without any changes in its physical state (phase change).
So, the equation that allows to calculate heat exchanges is:
Q = c× m× ΔT
where Q is the heat exchanged by a body of mass m, made up of a specific heat substance c and where ΔT is the temperature variation.
<h3>Mass of water required</h3>
In this case, you know:
Heat= 92.048 kJ
Mass of water = ?
Initial temperature of water= 34 ºC
Final temperature of water= 100 ºC
Specific heat of water = 4.186
Replacing in the expression to calculate heat exchanges:
92.048 kJ = 4.186 × m× (100 °C -34 °C)
92.048 kJ = 4.186 × m× 66 °C
m= 92.048 kJ ÷ (4.186 × 66 °C)
<u><em>m= 0.333 grams</em></u>
<h3>Moles of water required</h3>
Being the molar mass of water 18 , that is, the amount of mass that a substance contains in one mole, the moles of water required can be calculated as: