Answer:
Three proteins directly contribute to the proton gradient by moving protons across the membrane
Explanation:
The Electron transport chain is a group of proteins and molecules incrusted in the internal mitochondrial membrane and organized into four complexes, I, II, III, and IV. These complexes contain the electron transporters and the enzymes necessary to catalyze the electron transference from one complex to the other. Complex I contains the flavine mononucleotide -FMN- that receives electrons from the NADH. The coenzyme Q, located in the lipidic interior of the membrane, conducts electrons from complex I and II to complex III. The complex III contains cytochrome b, from where electrons go to cytochrome c, which is a peripheric membrane protein. Electrons travel from cytochrome c to cytochromes a and a3, located in the complex IV. Finally, they go back to the matrix, where they combine to H+ ions and oxygen, to form the water molecule. As electrons are transported through the chain, protons are bombed through three proteinic complexes from the matrix to the intermembrane space. These are complexes I, III and IV.
Answer:
to do this we need to know the question
Explanation:
Answer:
A
Explanation:
The structure of ATP is such that there are three (3) phosphate moelcules in sequence attached to the 5’ carbon of the ribose sugar ring. The O- groups of each phosphate are close to each other and are negatively charged. They, therefore, repel each ohtehr electrostatically and make ATP very unstable – hence considered weak bonds. ADP is more stable than ATP. Nonetheless, phosphoanhydride bonds between the phosphate have high energy of ΔG of -30.5 kJ/mol. These characteristic make ATP ideal as ane energy currency since it is easy to hydrolyze while producing much energy.
Answer:
Lysosomes are vesicles that create and transport enzymes to the endoplasmic reticulum. The rough endoplasmic reticulum synthesizes the enzymes. Also, ribosomes synthesize proteins.
Explanation:
