Answer:
a) O²⁻ + H₂O <-----> OH⁻ + OH⁻
Acid = H₂O
Base = O²⁻
Conjugate Acid = OH⁻
Conjugate Base = OH⁻
b) HClO₄ + H₂SO₄ <-----> ClO₄⁻ + H₃SO₄⁺
Acid = HClO₄
Base = H₂SO₄
Conjugate Acid = H₃SO₄⁺
Conjugate Base = ClO₄⁻
c) NH₃ + HNO₃ <--> NH4⁺ + NO₃⁻
Acid = HNO₃
Base = NH₃
Conjugate Acid = NH4⁺
Conjugate Base = NO₃⁻
Explanation:
- Acids are molecules or ions capable of donating a proton (H⁺).
- Bases are molecules or ions that readily accept the H⁺ from acids.
- Conjugate Acids, according to the Brønsted–Lowry acid–base theory, are chemical compounds formed after the reception of a proton (H⁺) from an acid by a base.
- Conjugate Bases, Brønsted–Lowry acid–base theory, are the leftovers from when acids donate their proton (H⁺).
answers : the mole ratio between NH3 : NH2 is 2:1
The answer is A
explanation
Answer:
a) +640 kJ/mol or +1.06x10⁻¹⁸ J
b) +276 kJ/mol
Explanation:
To dissociate the molecule, the bond must be broken, thus, it's necessary energy equal to the energy of the bond, which can be calculated by:
E = (Q1*Q2)/(4*π*ε*r)
Where Q is the charge of the ions, ε is a constant (8.854x10⁻¹²C²J ⁻¹ m⁻¹), and r is the bond length. Each one of the ions has a charge equal to 1. The elementary charge is 1.602x10⁻¹⁹C, which will be the charge of them.
1 mol has 6.022x10²³ molecules (Avogadros' number), so the energy of 1 mol is the energy of 1 molecule multiplied by it:
E = 6.022x10²³ *(1.602x10⁻¹⁹)²/(4π*8.854x10⁻¹²*2.17x10⁻¹⁰)
E = +640113 J/mol
E = +640 kJ/mol
Or at 1 molecule: E =640/6.022x10²³ = +1.06x10⁻²¹ kJ = +1.06x10⁻¹⁸ J
b) The energy variation to dissociate the molecule at its neutral atoms is the energy of dissociation less the difference of the ionization energy of K and the electron affinity of F (EA):
498 = 640 - (418 - EA)
640 -418 + EA = 498
222 + EA = 498
EA = +276 kJ/mol