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gavmur [86]
3 years ago
15

Localizationist-connectionist approach to understanding the brain and its functioning

Biology
1 answer:
AfilCa [17]3 years ago
5 0
Localizationist-connectionist approach was founded and formulated by Broca, Bastian, and Wernicke. It attempted to demonstrate the connection between "cortical centers" and cognititve processes. I hope my answer has come to your help. God bless and have a nice day ahead!
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In this week's experiments, if you replaced glucose with the monosaccharide fructose, predict the results for fructose transport
lbvjy [14]

Answer: Fructose is transported by facilitated diffusion.

Explanation:

Glucose is a monosaccharide with the molecular formula C6H12O6.3 It is a hexose. It is a form of sugar that is found freely in fruits and in honey. Its energy yield is 3.75 Kcal/g under standard conditions.

Fructose is a type of carbohydrate found in vegetables, fruits, and honey. It is a monosaccharide with the same molecular formula as glucose, C6H12O6, but with a different structure, that is, it is an isomer of glucose. Its energetic power is the same as that of glucose, 4 kilocalories per gram, and it is a reducing carbohydrate.

Glucose is the main energy substance of a cell and for its entry  it requires a transport protein in the cell membrane, called transporter. The transport of glucose through the cell membrane is carried out by two families of membrane proteins:

  • Sodium-coupled glucose transporters (SGLT sodium-glucose-transporters), which involves the co-transport of Na+ by the SGLT-1 by maintaining the Na+ gradient thanks to the Na+/K+ pump
  • Glucose transport facilitation proteins (GLUT)

On the other hand,  fructose is absorbed by another type of transporter, called Glut-5, a protein that crosses the membrane 12 times. Finally, the passage of both glucose and fructose into the blood takes place through the Glut-2, a transporter with low affinity and high transport capacity.

If any Glut is considered within the context of a large family of proteins, it can be immediately noticed that they all possess common characteristics that in biochemical terms are called "molecular signature of glucose transporters" and that it is no more than a set of extremely conserved primary amino acidic sequences that determine secondary and tertiary structures (domains or motifs) that are responsible for the functional characteristics of the protein.

<u>Facilitated diffusion is a type of cellular transport where the presence of a carrier or transporter (integral protein, Glut is this example</u>)<u> is necessary for substances to cross the membrane.</u> It happens because the molecules are larger or insoluble in lipids and need to be transported with the help of membrane proteins. So, in the first step, fructose binds to the transport protein, and this changes shape, allowing the passage of this sugar. In this way, fructose concentrations inside the cell are always very low, and the external and internal concentration gradient favours diffusion.

Summarizing, fructose is transported by facilitated diffusion. So if we replaced glucose with fructose we would have seen no change in each conditions. And since fructose is transported by this type of mechanism, there is not a concentration gradient.

6 0
2 years ago
When cells communicate by the signaling process, one cell produces a _________________BLANK that must be received by the _______
velikii [3]

Answer:

1. Signaling molecule

2. Signaling receptors

Explanation:

Hormones, growth factors, neurotransmitters, etc. serve the function of signaling molecules for cells. These molecules are released by one cell and bind to the receptors present on/in the target cells to elicit the desired response. Thereby, the signaling molecules serve in cell-cell communication.

For example, insulin hormone synthesized and released from beta cells of pancreas binds to its cell surface receptors present on the surfaces of liver cells and muscle cells to stimulate the uptake of the glucose from the blood.  

Likewise, neurotransmitters released from the presynaptic neuron bind to receptors present on the membrane of postsynaptic neuron and serve to carry the nerve impulse to the postsynaptic neuron.  

8 0
2 years ago
Accuracy in the translation of mRNA into the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide depends on specificity in which of the fol
uysha [10]

Answer:

The answer would be the first one: Binding of ribosomes to mRNA.

6 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
The pap smear is ________ percent approximate in detecting cervical carcinoma
Katen [24]
Pap smear (Papanicolau smear) is a procedure that involves swabbing the endocervix (inner part of the cervix), ectocervix (outer part of the cervix), and the vaginal walls. This smear will then be fixed and then viewed through a microscope to check for atypical cells (or cancer cells). Pap smear has a 95% sensitivity so pap smear can detect cervical carcinoma 95% of the time. 
5 0
3 years ago
Select all that apply.
Scorpion4ik [409]

Answer;

a.) the most common kind of cell division

c.)same number of chromosomes in each daughter cell as in the parent cell.

Explanation;

-Mitosis is a type of cell division which takes place ins the body cells or the somatic body cells, where the parent cell divides to give two daughter cells that have the same number of chromosomes as the parent. Thus, if the parent cell will be diploid (2n) then the daughter cells will also be diploid (two sets of each chromosome).

-This type of cell division plays an important part in the development of embryos, and it is important for the growth and development of human bodies as well.

8 0
3 years ago
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