Answer:
A. Interferons
Explanation:
According to Wikipedia, "Interferons are a group of signaling proteins made and released by host cells in response to the presence of several viruses. In a typical scenario, a virus-infected cell will release interferons causing nearby cells to heighten their anti-viral defenses."
Afferent or sensory neurons collect stimuli received by receptors throughout the body, including the skin, eyes, ears, nose, and tongue as well as pain and other receptors in the internal organs. Sensory information is transmitted, which includes the brain and spinal cord.
<span>achieve a therapeutic objective (cure disease, mitigate symptoms etc.)
minimize toxicity
minimize difficulty of administration
identify dosing regimens</span>List the goals of drug therapytherapeutic window/rangethe plasma concentration range that is effective and safe in treating specific diseasestrue(T,F): The therapeutic response is dependent on drug achieving an adequate plasma concentrationmultiple doses________ are given to stay in the therapeutic windowvolume of distribution (V)<span>an important indicator of the extent of drug distribution into body fluids and tissues
relates the amount of drug in the body to the measured concentration in the plasma
it is the volume required to account for all of the drug in the body if the concentration in all tissues is the same as the plasma tissue.</span>clearancethe process of removing a drug from plasma (expressed as volume of plasma per a given unit of time)true(T,F): Clearance indicates the volume of plasma (or blood) from which the drug is completely removed, or cleared, in a given time period.half-life<span>volume of distribution and clearance influences the _______ of a drug.
Dosing regimen: How often?</span>oral bioavailability<span>clearance and absorption influences the ________ of a drug
Dosing regimen: How much?</span>steady statethe amount of drug administered is equal to the amount of drug eliminated within one dosing interval resulting in a plateau or constant serum drug levelshortDrugs with a _____ half-life reach steady state rapidlylongDrugs with a ____ half-life take days to weeks to reach steady statetherapeutic windowA steady state is desired within the _________half-lifethe time necessary for the concentration of drug in the plasma to decrease by one-half (50%)about 5How many half-lives are required to reach steady state?loading dosesoften administered at the initiation of an infusion to achieve an immediate therapeutic plasma concentration of the drug (allows rapid achievement of therapeutic serum)true(T,F): The same loading dose is used regardless of metabolism/elimination dysfunction
The correct answer is B. prevent oxidation
Oxidation is bad for the wine, while sedimentation is regular. Speed of fermentation has nothing to do with oxygen.
1.bad behavior at school 2.bad attitude at home3.get involve in drugs
