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USPshnik [31]
3 years ago
13

The circular stream of water from a faucet is observed to taper from a diameter of 21 mm to 10 mm in a distance of 48 cm. Determ

ine the flowrate
Chemistry
1 answer:
Vika [28.1K]3 years ago
7 0

Answer:

2.47x10⁻⁴ m³/s

Explanation:

The water goes from point (1), with a diameter of 21 mm, to the point (2), with a diameter of 10 mm. By the continuity equation, the flow rate must be constant in all faucet, and the flow rate in the area (A) multiplied by the velocity (V), so:

A₁V₁ = A₂V₂

The area of a circuference cross section is (π/4)*d², where d is the diameter (in meters) so:

(π/4)*d₁² *V₁ = (π/4)*d₂² *V₂

(π/4)*(0.021)²*V₁ = (π/4)*(0.01)²*V₂

V₁ = (0.01)²*V₂/(0.021)²

V₁ = 0.2268V₂

V₂ = 4.41V₁

By the Bernouli's equation:

p₁ + ρV₁²/2 + γz₁ = p₂ + ρV₂²/2 + γz₂

Where p is the pressure, ρ is the density of the liquid, γ is the specific weight of the liquid (ρ*g, where g is the gravity acceleration), and z is the high of the point. Because both points are subjected to the same surrounding pressure, p₁ = p₂, and the terms are canceled.

ρV₁²/2 + γ*(z₁ - z₂) = ρV₂²/2

z₁ - z₂ = h, which is the distance of the points (48 cm = 0.48 m), so:

(ρ/2)*(V₂² - V₁²) = γh

(V₂² - V₁²) = 2γh/ρ

(V₂² - V₁²) = 2ρgh/ρ

(V₂² - V₁²) = 2gh

With V₂ = 4.41V₁, and g = 9.8 m/s²:

(4.41V₁)² - V₁² = 2*9.8*0.48

18.45V₁² = 9.408

V₁² = 0.51

V₁ = 0.714 m/s

The flow rate (ΔV) is A₁*V₁, so:

ΔV = (π/4)*(0.021)²*0.714

ΔV = 2.47x10⁻⁴ m³/s

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The Bohr Model, which was proposed by Niels Bohr in 1913

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2 years ago
Is air an element, compound or mixture? explain your answer
emmainna [20.7K]

It is a mixture because the compounds that make up air e.g. oxygen (o2), Carbon dioxide (co2) and the most important Nitrogen which is an element and makes up 78.09% of air are not chemically bound in the way that compounds are because they can be separated easily and there has been no change in state to any of the compounds or elements in air!hope this helpful!

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3 years ago
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Calculate the number of grams of Mg needed for this reaction to release enough energy to increase the temperature of 78 mL of wa
Vaselesa [24]

Answer:

We need 1.1 grams of Mg

Explanation:

Step 1: Data given

Volume of water = 78 mL

Initial temperature = 29 °C

Final temperature = 78 °C

The standard heats of formation

−285.8 kJ/mol H2O(l)

−924.54 kJ/mol Mg(OH)2(s)

Step 2: The equation

The heat is produced by the following reaction:

Mg(s)+2H2O(l)→Mg(OH)2(s)+H2(g)

Step 3: Calculate the mass of Mg needed

Using the standard heats of formation:

−285.8 kJ/mol H2O(l)

−924.54 kJ/mol Mg(OH)2(s)

Mg(s) + 2 H2O(l) → Mg(OH)2(s) + H2(g)

−924.54 kJ − (2 * −285.8 kJ) = −352.94 kJ/mol Mg

(4.184 J/g·°C) * (78 g) * (78 - 29)°C = 15991.248 J required

(15991.248 J) / (352940 J/mol Mg) * (24.3 g Mg/mol) = 1.1 g Mg

We need 1.1 grams of Mg

7 0
3 years ago
Consider the following reaction where Kc = 1.80×10-2 at 698 K:
Klio2033 [76]

Answer:

The system is not in equilibrium and the reaction must run in the forward direction to reach equilibrium.

Explanation:

The reaction quotient Qc is a measure of the relative amount of products and reagents present in a reaction at any given time, which is calculated in a reaction that may not yet have reached equilibrium.

For the reversible reaction aA + bB⇔ cC + dD, where a, b, c and d are the stoichiometric coefficients of the balanced equation, Qc is calculated by:

Qc=\frac{[C]^{c}*[D]^{d}  } {[A]^{a}*[B]^{b}}

In this case:

Qc=\frac{[H_{2} ]*[I_{2} ] } {[HI]^{2}}

Since molarity is the concentration of a solution expressed in the number of moles dissolved per liter of solution, you have:

  • [H_{2} ]=\frac{2.09*10^{-2} moles}{1 Liter}=2.09*10⁻² \frac{moles}{liter}
  • [I_{2} ]=\frac{4.14*10^{-2} moles}{1 Liter}=4.14*10⁻² \frac{moles}{liter}
  • [I_{2} ]=\frac{0.280 moles}{1 Liter}= 0.280 \frac{moles}{liter}

So,

Qc=\frac{2.09*10^{-2} *4.14*10^{-2}  } {0.280^{2} }

Qc= 0.011

Comparing Qc with Kc allows to find out the status and evolution of the system:

If the reaction quotient is equal to the equilibrium constant, Qc = Kc, the system has reached chemical equilibrium.

If the reaction quotient is greater than the equilibrium constant, Qc> Kc, the system is not in equilibrium. In this case the direct reaction predominates and there will be more product present than what is obtained at equilibrium. Therefore, this product is used to promote the reverse reaction and reach equilibrium. The system will then evolve to the left to increase the reagent concentration.

If the reaction quotient is less than the equilibrium constant, Qc <Kc, the system is not in equilibrium. The concentration of the reagents is higher than it would be at equilibrium, so the direct reaction predominates. Thus, the system will evolve to the right to increase the concentration of products.

Being Qc=0.011 and Kc=1.80⁻²=0.018, then Qc<Kc. <u><em>The system is not in equilibrium and the reaction must run in the forward direction to reach equilibrium.</em></u>

8 0
3 years ago
What is the total number of atoms in 0.20 mol of propanone, CH3COCH3?
Nutka1998 [239]

Answer:

1.2×10²³ atoms.

Explanation:

Data obtained from the question include:

Mole of propanone = 0.20 mole

Number of atoms of propanone =.?

From Avogadro's hypothesis, we understood that 1 mole of any substance contains 6.022×10²³ atoms.

This implies that 1 mole of propanone also contains 6.022×10²³ atoms.

Thus, we can obtain the number of atoms in 0.20 mole of propanone as illustrated below:

1 mole of propanone contains 6.022×10²³ atoms.

Therefore, 0.20 mole of propanone will contain = 0.2 × 6.022×10²³ = 1.2×10²³ atoms.

Thus, 0.20 mole of propanone contain

1.2×10²³ atoms.

6 0
3 years ago
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