Answer:
We know that the specific heat of water is:
c = 1cal/g*°C
This means, that we need 1 cal to increase the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1°C
Here, we increased the temperature of 50.1g of water by 12°C
Then the number of calories needed to do this is given by:
x = (mass of water in grams)*(how much increased the temp in °C)*1cal/g*°C
x = (50.1g*12°C)*1cal/g*°C = 601.2 cal
But we want this in Kcal, remember that:
1Kcal = 1000cal
Then:
601.2 cal = (601.2/1000) Kcal = 0.6012 Kcal
Now, for the cracker part, the energy was released by the amount of cracker that was burned.
The original mass was 2.4g
the final mass ios 1.3g
the difference is:
2.4g - 1.3g = 1.1g
This means that 1.1g was the burned mass.
The number of kilocalories of heat per gram released by the cracker is just:
n = (0.6012 Kcal)/(1.1 g) = 0.547 Kcal/g
0.547 kilocalories per gram.
