The central nervous system CNS is responsible for integrating sensory information and responding accordingly. It consists of two main components: The spinal cord serves as a conduit for signals between the brain and the rest of the body. It also controls simple musculoskeletal reflexes without input from the brain.
해파리 (cnidarians) have a worldwide distribution. Despite most being harmless, some species may cause local and also systemic reactions. 처치 of 해파리 envenomation is directed at: alleviating the local effects of venom, preventing further nematocyst discharges and controlling systemic reactions, including shock. In severe cases, the most important step is stabilizing and maintaining vital functions. With some 차이점 between species, there seems to be evidence and consensus on oral/topical analgesics, hot water and ice packs as effective painkillers and on 30 s application of domestic vinegar (4%–6% acetic acid) to prevent further discharge of unfired nematocysts remaining on the skin. Conversely, alcohol, methylated spirits and fresh water should be 조심스럽게 avoided, since they could massively discharge nematocysts; pressure immobilization bandaging should also be avoided, as laboratory studies show that it stimulates additional venom discharge from nematocysts. Most 처치 approaches are presently founded on 상대적으로 weak evidence; therefore, further research (especially randomized clinical trials) is strongly recommended. Dissemination of appropriate 처치 modalities should be deployed to better inform and educate those at risk. Adequate signage should be placed at 바닷가 to notify tourists of the jellyfish risk. Swimmers in risky areas should wear 보호 장비.
A frameshift mutation is commonly known as a genetic mutation that occurs as a result of the indels such as the addition or removal of certain nucleotides in the sequence of a DNA that is indivisible by three. In the presence of addition or removal, the reading frame from the initial translation to a different one. Thus, the correct option is option d.
