Answer:
Hypothesized causes for the declines include habitat destruction (the most obvious cause), climate change, pathogens, introduced exotic species, pollution, and increased UV radiation. These agents may act alone or in combination to contribute to the decline of amphibian populations.
Explanation:
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Explanation:
In neurology, postganglionic nerve fibers are autonomic nerve fibers from the ganglion to the effector organ. These, unlike preganglionic fibers (whose sole neurotransmitter is acetylcholine) have a variety of neurotransmitters to fulfill their functions.
Neurotransmitters
The neurotransmitters of postganglionic fibers are varied, and are distributed as follows:
In the parasympathetic nervous system, neurons are cholinergic (Acetylcholine is the primary neurotransmitter)
In the sympathetic nervous system, neurons are mostly adrenergic (norepinephrine-epinephrine and / or norepinephrine, both have the same chemical structure, but epinephrine has a methyl group unlike norepinephrine that has a hydrogen, instead of a methyl group - act as the primary neurotransmitter) Two exceptions to this are the sympathetic innervation of the sweat glands and the piloerector muscles where the neurotransmitter in both pre and post ganglionic synapses is acetylcholine and in the vessels of the renal cortex where dopamine is used as the main neurotransmitter. Another exception is the sympathetic innervation of the medulla of the adrenal gland, which is innervated by preganglionic fibers, and subsequently uses acetylcholine as a neurotransmitter. Adrenal medulla cells are, in fact, modified postganglionic neurons that secrete epinephrine and norepinephrine directly into the bloodstream rather than a synapse.
In both divisions of the autonomic nervous system, postganglionic neurons express nicotinic acetylcholine receptors to receive signals from preganglionic neurons.
Answer:
osmosis
Explanation:
Osmosis is the net movement of water molecules through a semipermeable membrane. The water molecules are not reabsorbed in the intestines and at the kidney nephrons. Increased osmotic pressure can be caused by inadequate production of vasopressin which regulates the amount of water in the body and the one being lost through kidneys, Thiazide diuretics which increases sodium excretion and kidney disorders
Hyponatremia occurs when the body contains too little sodium amounts due to increased fluid intake making sodium to be is diluted. People suffering from severe vomiting or diarrhea lose sodium due increase fluid intake.
To produce eggs.
The large pinecones we typically see are female cones which house the eggs and then becomes a seed. The little cones that we don’t really notice are male cones
Answer: A - He opposed the encomienda system. C - He argued that enslaving people was a sin. E. He thought that indigenous people should be converted to Christianity.
Explanation: Good luck! :D
