Answer:
Explanation:
Pharmacophore (pharmacology) - The molecular framework responsible for a drug's biological activity. According to IUPAC — A pharmacophore is the ensemble of steric and electronic features that is necessary to ensure the optimal supramolecular interactions with a specific biological target structure and to trigger (or to block) its biological response.
Privileged structures are defined as molecular frameworks which are able of providing useful ligands for more than one type of receptor or enzyme target by judicious structural modifications.
1) The 1,4-dihydropyridine ring is present in many biologically important molecules that acts as an important scaffold for cardiovascular drug - a calcium antagonists and although it is technically not considered as a pharmacophore, it is considered as a privileged structure.
1,4-Dihydropyridine (DHP), belongs to the class of calcium antagonist that inhibits the influx of extracellular Ca+2 through the L-type voltage-dependent calcium channels.
A positional substitution in the 4-position is feasible in the heterocyclic ring which in turn culminates in various calcium channel antagonist activities and this heterocyclic ring is the common feature for various pharmacological activities such as anti-inflammatory activity, analgesic activity,
antihypertensive, antianginal, antitumor, antitubercular activity and antithrombotic .
Position on the heterocyclic ring binds to the L-type channel and also to N-type channel on membranes.
2.) The bioisosteres are not a suitable bioisostere for the traditional C-4 aryl or heteroaryl substitution which is necessary for calcium ion blockage thereby inhibiting it to function with the mechanism shared above.
The presence of vertebral column or notochord at any stage of life in any organism is the characteristic of vertebrate.
Explanation:
An animal is vertebrate if it fulfils the following criteria:
Presence of vertebral column or notochord.
Presence of endoskeleton or backbone.
The spinal cord runs above the vertebral column.
Humans embryo has notochord which becomes a vertebral column.
The alimentary canals end in the anus.
Mouth is present ta the anterior side of the vertebrate.
Have legs, fins or wings for movement.
Presence of a nervous system and sensory organs.
Presence of skin, lungs or gills.
Presence of a circulatory system.
Vertebrates include fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals.
So, you would make a punnet square. You would put the capital S and lowercase s on the top of it and then the capital Y and lowercase y on the side. Then you should have SY, sY, Sy, and sy as your outcomes.
True.
After forming a hypothesis, or an explanation that would be experimented on, you would be <em>testing</em> it to see if it gives the results you were looking for.
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The herbivore eats plant and the carnivore it’s meat each one eats one specific thing meaning that on a food feb as long as they keep doing what they are doing it doesn’t mess the environment around them
