Because it is touching, the heat is being transferred via conduction.
We have that the amount of the charge q is
From the Question we are told that
Force 
Velocity 
Angle 
Magnetic field 
Generally, the equation for Force F is mathematically given by
In conclusion
The amount of the charge q is
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1. D: the ability to cause a change or do work
The others dont make sense for energy.
2. C: Lamp
A lamp uses the electric current to light up a room, or area.
3. B: foil will bend away
The same charges repel each other that is why a magnet is repelled by the same pole of another magnet.
4. A: Sound
You can’t hear light or any of the other options.
5. A: gravity
Gravity is a force of nature that pulls on everything.
6. C: static electricity
The opposite charges stick to each other, a battery again is an example of this.
7. B: a copper nail
Metal is one of the best electric conductors.
8. C: closed circuit
This is because if a circuit is closed the electricity flows through perfectly but for example an open one would not work or it would leak energy.
Hope this helps
A. All natural radiation is at a level low enough to be safe
<span>Heat transfer between two substances is affected by specific heat and the "Temperature difference between them"
Hope this helps!</span>
