Answer:
a. resolve the branching patterns (evolutionary history) of the Lophotrochozoa
b. (the same, it is repeated)
Explanation:
Nemertios (ribbon worms) and foronids (horseshoe worms) are closely related groups of lofotrocozoa. Lofotrocozoans, or simply trocozoans (= tribomastic celomados with trocophoric larva) are a group of animals that includes annelids, molluscs, endoprocts, brachiopods and other invertebrates. They represent a crucial superphylum for our understanding of the evolution of bilateral symmetry animals. However, given the inconsistency between molecular and morphological data for these groups, their origins were not entirely clear. In the work linked above, the first records of genomes of the Nemertine worm Notospermus geniculatus and the foronid Phoronis australis are presented, along with transcriptomes along the adult bodies. Our phylogenetic analyzes based on the genome place Nemertinos as the sister group of the taxon that contains Phoronidea and Brachiopoda. It is shown that lofotrocozoans share many families of genes with deuterotomes, suggesting that these two groups retain a common genetic repertoire of bilaterals that do not possess ecdisozoans (arthropods, nematodes) or platizoos (platelets, sydermats). Comparative transcriptomics demonstrates that foronid and brachiopod lofophores are similar not only morphologically, but also at the molecular level. Although the lofophore and vertebrates show very different cephalic structures, the lofophorees express the vertebrate head genes and neuronal marker genes. This finding suggests a common origin of the bilaterial pattern of the head, although different types of head will evolve independently in each lineage. In addition, we recorded innate immunity expansions of lineage-specific and toxin-related genes in both lofotrocozoa and deuterostomes. Together, this study reveals a dual nature of lofotrocozoans, in which the conserved and specific characteristics of the lineage shape their evolution.
If p = frequency of A and q = frequency of a, then assuming H-W equilibrium we have
p + q = 1 ⇒ q = 1 - p = 1 - 0.55 = 0.45
Then the expected frequency of the heterozygous genotype Aa is 2pq = 2 • 0.55 • 0.45 = 0.495.
Answer:
B
Explanation:
Its a poison stay away from it no matter how much it is
Answer:
Natural selection occurs if four conditions are met: reproduction, heredity, variation in physical characteristics and variation in number of offspring per individual.
Explanation:
<span>photic zone
The photic zone or daylight (Sunlit) zone is the part of the water in a lake or sea that is presented to such power of daylight which assigns remuneration point, i.e. the force of light at which the rate of carbon dioxide take-up, or identically, the rate of oxygen generation, is equivalent to the rate of carbon dioxide creation, comparably to the rate of oxygen utilisation, diminishing in this way the net carbon dioxide digestion to zero.
Since the photic zone is the place the greater part of the photosynthesis happens, the profundity of the photic zone is for the most part relative to the level of essential generation that happens here of the sea. Around 90% of all marine life lives in the photic zone. A little measure of essential creation is produced somewhere down in the deep zone around the aqueous vents which exist along some mid-maritime edges.</span>
