I think it is c because food and clothing aren't technically chemicals however they do contain them so d is a possible answer but I think it is c
Answer : The standard enthalpy of formation of ethylene is, 51.8 kJ/mole
Explanation :
According to Hess’s law of constant heat summation, the heat absorbed or evolved in a given chemical equation is the same whether the process occurs in one step or several steps.
According to this law, the chemical equation can be treated as ordinary algebraic expression and can be added or subtracted to yield the required equation. That means the enthalpy change of the overall reaction is the sum of the enthalpy changes of the intermediate reactions.
The formation reaction of
will be,

The intermediate balanced chemical reaction will be,
(1)

(2)

(3)

Now we will reverse the reaction 1, multiply reaction 2 and 3 by 2 then adding all the equations, we get :
(1)

(2)

(3)

The expression for enthalpy of formation of
will be,



Therefore, the standard enthalpy of formation of ethylene is, 51.8 kJ/mole
Answer:
Time allowed for incubation, size of the dish, the amount of light, amount of agar, the type of agar…etc
Explanation:
The two reason behind the invalidity of flame test are false positive and false negative.
while performing the flame test you must have to be accurate otherwise you will get false results may be positive for some element or may be negative in case the element is present. The main reason to get the false positive and false negative is the presence and contamination of sodium.