What is Acceleration?
2 answers:
Acceleration is the rate of change of velocity of an object. Thus when the velocity ( direction or magnitude) of an object changes, we say that the particle is accelerating. Mathematically it is written as
a=
The units of acceleration are m/s²
Acceleration can be positive or negative. If the velocity of an object increases, we call that as positive acceleration and if the velocity of an object decreases, we call that as the negative acceleration.
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The sun’s gravitational attraction and the planet’s inertia keeps planets moving is circular orbits.
Explanation:
The planets in the Solar System move around the Sun in a circular orbit. This motion can be explained as a combination of two effects:
1) The gravitational attraction of the Sun. The Sun exerts a force of gravitational attraction on every planet. This force is directed towards the Sun, and its magnitude is
where
G is the gravitational constant
M is the mass of the Sun
m is the mass of the planet
r is the distance between the Sun and the planet
This force acts as centripetal force, continuously "pulling" the planet towards the centre of its circular orbit.
2) The inertia of the planet. In fact, according to Newton's first law, an object in motion at constant velocity will continue moving at its velocity, unless acted upon an external unbalanced force. Therefore, the planet tends to continue its motion in a straight line (tangential to the circular orbit), however it turns in a circle due to the presence of the gravitational attraction of the Sun.
Learn more about gravity:
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