Although peer pressure can influence adolescents’ alcohol use, individual susceptibility to these pressures varies across individuals. The dopamine receptor D4 gene (DRD4<span>) is a potential candidate gene that may influence adolescents’ susceptibility to their peer environment due to the role dopamine plays in reward sensation during social interaction. We hypothesized that </span>DRD4<span> genotype status would moderate the impact of 7th-grade antisocial peer pressure on 12th-grade lifetime alcohol use (</span>n<span> = 414; 58.7 % female; 92.8 % White). The results revealed significant main effects for antisocial peer pressure, but no main effects for</span>DRD4<span> genotype on lifetime alcohol use. Adolescent </span>DRD4<span> genotype moderated the association between peer pressure and lifetime alcohol use. For individuals who carried at least one copy of the </span>DRD4<span> 7-repeat allele (7+), antisocial peer pressure was associated with increased lifetime alcohol use. These findings indicate that genetic sensitivity to peer pressure confers increased alcohol use in late adolescence.</span>
Answer:
Early humans that likely evolved from Cro-Magnons - <u>Homo</u><u> </u><u>sapiens</u><u>.</u>
Ergonomic .........................
Answer:
Myelinated Axons; leak channels are insulated by myelin leading to less loss of current flow and better conduction velocity. Ion channels omly located at nodes of ranvier; thus signal has sultatory conduction along myelin sheaths and jumps and move much quicker
Demyelinating diseases; along locations where myelin sheaths once was current links occur and conduction slows, the signal cannot make it very far because it looses energy as it travels through the axon
Unmyelinated axon; Ion channels are sequentially placed all along axons; thus it takes longer to send signal down axon. the energy isn't leaked out, it still contains the same signal but it is simply slower. distance between voltage gated channels needs to be small enough so local current flow can depolarize the membrane.
N/B; Harder to generate action potential in demyelinating disease
axon diameter( bigger diameter= less resistance= faster current).
Answer:
c
Explanation:
Simply cause its not visible.
